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# Description of Changes
- **What was changed**
- Introduced a stricter network safety check in
`GeneralUtils.isURLReachable(...)`:
- Block resolution to local, private, link-local, multicast, and
reserved ranges for both IPv4 and IPv6 (including IPv4-mapped and
IPv4-compatible IPv6).
- Added a DNS records cap (`MAX_DNS_ADDRESSES = 20`) to mitigate DNS
answer explosions and reduce SSRF blast radius.
- Treat DNS resolution failures as unsafe (fail closed).
- Reject empty/invalid hosts early and disallow non-HTTP(S) protocols.
- Ensure `HttpURLConnection` is properly disconnected in a `finally`
block to avoid resource leaks.
- Added comprehensive unit tests in `GeneralUtilsAdditionalTest` to
verify blocking of sensitive ranges (e.g., `127.0.0.1`, `10.0.0.0/8`,
`172.16.0.0/12`, `192.168.0.0/16`, CGNAT `100.64.0.0/10`, link-local
`169.254.0.0/16`, TEST-NETs, multicast `224.0.0.0/4`, IPv6 ULA
`fc00::/7`, and IPv4-mapped `::ffff:127.0.0.1`).
- Renamed and refactored helper logic to
`isDisallowedNetworkLocation(...)` and split out
`isSensitiveAddress(...)`, `isPrivateOrReservedIPv4(...)`,
`isUniqueLocalIPv6(...)`, and `isIPv4MappedAddress(...)` for clarity and
testability.
- **Why the change was made**
- To prevent Server-Side Request Forgery (SSRF) and related abuses in
features that fetch external URLs (e.g., website-to-PDF and similar
utilities).
- Ensures the application cannot be coerced into contacting internal
infrastructure or special-purpose address spaces.
- Adds explicit resource cleanup and safer defaults (fail closed) to
improve reliability and security.
---
## Checklist
### General
- [x] I have read the [Contribution
Guidelines](https://github.com/Stirling-Tools/Stirling-PDF/blob/main/CONTRIBUTING.md)
- [x] I have read the [Stirling-PDF Developer
Guide](https://github.com/Stirling-Tools/Stirling-PDF/blob/main/devGuide/DeveloperGuide.md)
(if applicable)
- [ ] I have read the [How to add new languages to
Stirling-PDF](https://github.com/Stirling-Tools/Stirling-PDF/blob/main/devGuide/HowToAddNewLanguage.md)
(if applicable)
- [x] I have performed a self-review of my own code
- [x] My changes generate no new warnings
### Documentation
- [ ] I have updated relevant docs on [Stirling-PDF's doc
repo](https://github.com/Stirling-Tools/Stirling-Tools.github.io/blob/main/docs/)
(if functionality has heavily changed)
- [ ] I have read the section [Add New Translation
Tags](https://github.com/Stirling-Tools/Stirling-PDF/blob/main/devGuide/HowToAddNewLanguage.md#add-new-translation-tags)
(for new translation tags only)
### UI Changes (if applicable)
- [ ] Screenshots or videos demonstrating the UI changes are attached
(e.g., as comments or direct attachments in the PR)
### Testing (if applicable)
- [ ] I have tested my changes locally. Refer to the [Testing
Guide](https://github.com/Stirling-Tools/Stirling-PDF/blob/main/devGuide/DeveloperGuide.md#6-testing)
for more details.
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| common | ||
| core | ||
| proprietary | ||
| allowed-licenses.json | ||