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Refactor face recognition (#17368)
* Refactor face recognition to allow for running lbph or embedding * Cleanup * Use weighted average for faces * Set correct url * Cleanup * Update docs * Update docs * Use scipy trimmed mean * Normalize * Handle color and gray landmark detection * Upgrade to new arcface model * Implement sigmoid function * Rename * Rename to arcface * Fix * Add face recognition model size to ui config * Update toast
This commit is contained in:
Nicolas Mowen
GitHub
308
frigate/data_processing/common/face/model.py
Normal file
308
frigate/data_processing/common/face/model.py
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@@ -0,0 +1,308 @@
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import logging
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import os
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from abc import ABC, abstractmethod
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import cv2
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import numpy as np
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from scipy import stats
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from frigate.config import FrigateConfig
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from frigate.const import MODEL_CACHE_DIR
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from frigate.embeddings.onnx.facenet import ArcfaceEmbedding
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logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
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class FaceRecognizer(ABC):
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"""Face recognition runner."""
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def __init__(self, config: FrigateConfig) -> None:
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self.config = config
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self.landmark_detector = cv2.face.createFacemarkLBF()
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self.landmark_detector.loadModel(
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os.path.join(MODEL_CACHE_DIR, "facedet/landmarkdet.yaml")
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)
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@abstractmethod
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def build(self) -> None:
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"""Build face recognition model."""
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pass
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@abstractmethod
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def clear(self) -> None:
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"""Clear current built model."""
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pass
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@abstractmethod
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def classify(self, face_image: np.ndarray) -> tuple[str, float] | None:
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pass
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def align_face(
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self,
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image: np.ndarray,
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output_width: int,
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output_height: int,
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) -> np.ndarray:
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# landmark is run on grayscale images
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if image.ndim == 3:
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land_image = cv2.cvtColor(image, cv2.COLOR_BGR2GRAY)
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else:
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land_image = image
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_, lands = self.landmark_detector.fit(
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land_image, np.array([(0, 0, land_image.shape[1], land_image.shape[0])])
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)
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landmarks: np.ndarray = lands[0][0]
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# get landmarks for eyes
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leftEyePts = landmarks[42:48]
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rightEyePts = landmarks[36:42]
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# compute the center of mass for each eye
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leftEyeCenter = leftEyePts.mean(axis=0).astype("int")
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rightEyeCenter = rightEyePts.mean(axis=0).astype("int")
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# compute the angle between the eye centroids
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dY = rightEyeCenter[1] - leftEyeCenter[1]
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dX = rightEyeCenter[0] - leftEyeCenter[0]
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angle = np.degrees(np.arctan2(dY, dX)) - 180
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# compute the desired right eye x-coordinate based on the
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# desired x-coordinate of the left eye
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desiredRightEyeX = 1.0 - 0.35
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# determine the scale of the new resulting image by taking
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# the ratio of the distance between eyes in the *current*
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# image to the ratio of distance between eyes in the
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# *desired* image
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dist = np.sqrt((dX**2) + (dY**2))
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desiredDist = desiredRightEyeX - 0.35
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desiredDist *= output_width
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scale = desiredDist / dist
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# compute center (x, y)-coordinates (i.e., the median point)
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# between the two eyes in the input image
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# grab the rotation matrix for rotating and scaling the face
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eyesCenter = (
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int((leftEyeCenter[0] + rightEyeCenter[0]) // 2),
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int((leftEyeCenter[1] + rightEyeCenter[1]) // 2),
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)
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M = cv2.getRotationMatrix2D(eyesCenter, angle, scale)
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# update the translation component of the matrix
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tX = output_width * 0.5
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tY = output_height * 0.35
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M[0, 2] += tX - eyesCenter[0]
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M[1, 2] += tY - eyesCenter[1]
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# apply the affine transformation
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return cv2.warpAffine(
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image, M, (output_width, output_height), flags=cv2.INTER_CUBIC
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)
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def get_blur_factor(self, input: np.ndarray) -> float:
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"""Calculates the factor for the confidence based on the blur of the image."""
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if not self.config.face_recognition.blur_confidence_filter:
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return 1.0
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variance = cv2.Laplacian(input, cv2.CV_64F).var()
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if variance < 60: # image is very blurry
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return 0.96
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elif variance < 70: # image moderately blurry
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return 0.98
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elif variance < 80: # image is slightly blurry
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return 0.99
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else:
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return 1.0
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class LBPHRecognizer(FaceRecognizer):
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def __init__(self, config: FrigateConfig):
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super().__init__(config)
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self.label_map: dict[int, str] = {}
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self.recognizer: cv2.face.LBPHFaceRecognizer | None = None
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def clear(self) -> None:
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self.face_recognizer = None
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self.label_map = {}
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def build(self):
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if not self.landmark_detector:
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return None
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labels = []
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faces = []
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idx = 0
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dir = "/media/frigate/clips/faces"
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for name in os.listdir(dir):
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if name == "train":
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continue
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face_folder = os.path.join(dir, name)
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if not os.path.isdir(face_folder):
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continue
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self.label_map[idx] = name
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for image in os.listdir(face_folder):
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img = cv2.imread(os.path.join(face_folder, image))
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if img is None:
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continue
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img = cv2.cvtColor(img, cv2.COLOR_BGR2GRAY)
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img = self.align_face(img, img.shape[1], img.shape[0])
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faces.append(img)
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labels.append(idx)
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idx += 1
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if not faces:
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return
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self.recognizer: cv2.face.LBPHFaceRecognizer = (
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cv2.face.LBPHFaceRecognizer_create(
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radius=2, threshold=(1 - self.config.face_recognition.min_score) * 1000
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)
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)
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self.recognizer.train(faces, np.array(labels))
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def classify(self, face_image: np.ndarray) -> tuple[str, float] | None:
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if not self.landmark_detector:
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return None
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if not self.label_map or not self.recognizer:
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self.build()
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if not self.recognizer:
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return None
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# face recognition is best run on grayscale images
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img = cv2.cvtColor(face_image, cv2.COLOR_BGR2GRAY)
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# get blur factor before aligning face
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blur_factor = self.get_blur_factor(img)
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logger.debug(f"face detected with bluriness {blur_factor}")
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# align face and run recognition
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img = self.align_face(img, img.shape[1], img.shape[0])
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index, distance = self.recognizer.predict(img)
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if index == -1:
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return None
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score = (1.0 - (distance / 1000)) * blur_factor
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return self.label_map[index], round(score, 2)
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class ArcFaceRecognizer(FaceRecognizer):
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def __init__(self, config: FrigateConfig):
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super().__init__(config)
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self.mean_embs: dict[int, np.ndarray] = {}
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self.face_embedder: ArcfaceEmbedding = ArcfaceEmbedding()
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def clear(self) -> None:
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self.mean_embs = {}
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def build(self):
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if not self.landmark_detector:
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return None
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face_embeddings_map: dict[str, list[np.ndarray]] = {}
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idx = 0
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dir = "/media/frigate/clips/faces"
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for name in os.listdir(dir):
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if name == "train":
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continue
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face_folder = os.path.join(dir, name)
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if not os.path.isdir(face_folder):
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continue
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face_embeddings_map[name] = []
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for image in os.listdir(face_folder):
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img = cv2.imread(os.path.join(face_folder, image))
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if img is None:
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continue
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img = self.align_face(img, img.shape[1], img.shape[0])
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emb = self.face_embedder([img])[0].squeeze()
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face_embeddings_map[name].append(emb)
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idx += 1
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if not face_embeddings_map:
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return
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for name, embs in face_embeddings_map.items():
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self.mean_embs[name] = stats.trim_mean(embs, 0.15)
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def similarity_to_confidence(
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self, cosine_similarity: float, median=0.3, range_width=0.6, slope_factor=12
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):
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"""
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Default sigmoid function to map cosine similarity to confidence.
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Args:
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cosine_similarity (float): The input cosine similarity.
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median (float): Assumed median of cosine similarity distribution.
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range_width (float): Assumed range of cosine similarity distribution (90th percentile - 10th percentile).
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slope_factor (float): Adjusts the steepness of the curve.
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Returns:
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float: The confidence score.
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"""
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# Calculate slope and bias
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slope = slope_factor / range_width
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bias = median
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# Calculate confidence
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confidence = 1 / (1 + np.exp(-slope * (cosine_similarity - bias)))
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return confidence
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def classify(self, face_image):
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if not self.landmark_detector:
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return None
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if not self.mean_embs:
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self.build()
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if not self.mean_embs:
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return None
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# face recognition is best run on grayscale images
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# get blur factor before aligning face
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blur_factor = self.get_blur_factor(face_image)
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logger.debug(f"face detected with bluriness {blur_factor}")
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# align face and run recognition
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img = self.align_face(face_image, face_image.shape[1], face_image.shape[0])
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embedding = self.face_embedder([img])[0].squeeze()
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score = 0
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label = ""
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for name, mean_emb in self.mean_embs.items():
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dot_product = np.dot(embedding, mean_emb)
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magnitude_A = np.linalg.norm(embedding)
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magnitude_B = np.linalg.norm(mean_emb)
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cosine_similarity = dot_product / (magnitude_A * magnitude_B)
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confidence = self.similarity_to_confidence(cosine_similarity)
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if cosine_similarity > score:
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score = confidence
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label = name
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if score < self.config.face_recognition.min_score:
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return None
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return label, round(score * blur_factor, 2)
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@@ -19,6 +19,11 @@ from frigate.comms.event_metadata_updater import (
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)
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from frigate.config import FrigateConfig
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from frigate.const import FACE_DIR, MODEL_CACHE_DIR
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from frigate.data_processing.common.face.model import (
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ArcFaceRecognizer,
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FaceRecognizer,
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LBPHRecognizer,
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)
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from frigate.util.image import area
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from ..types import DataProcessorMetrics
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@@ -31,6 +36,36 @@ MAX_DETECTION_HEIGHT = 1080
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MIN_MATCHING_FACES = 2
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def weighted_average_by_area(results_list: list[tuple[str, float, int]]):
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if len(results_list) < 3:
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return "unknown", 0.0
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score_count = {}
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weighted_scores = {}
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total_face_areas = {}
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for name, score, face_area in results_list:
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if name not in weighted_scores:
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score_count[name] = 1
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weighted_scores[name] = 0.0
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total_face_areas[name] = 0.0
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else:
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score_count[name] += 1
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weighted_scores[name] += score * face_area
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total_face_areas[name] += face_area
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prominent_name = max(score_count)
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# if a single name is not prominent in the history then we are not confident
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if score_count[prominent_name] / len(results_list) < 0.65:
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return "unknown", 0.0
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return prominent_name, weighted_scores[prominent_name] / total_face_areas[
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prominent_name
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]
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class FaceRealTimeProcessor(RealTimeProcessorApi):
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def __init__(
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self,
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@@ -42,10 +77,9 @@ class FaceRealTimeProcessor(RealTimeProcessorApi):
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self.face_config = config.face_recognition
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self.sub_label_publisher = sub_label_publisher
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self.face_detector: cv2.FaceDetectorYN = None
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self.landmark_detector: cv2.face.FacemarkLBF = None
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self.recognizer: cv2.face.LBPHFaceRecognizer = None
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self.requires_face_detection = "face" not in self.config.objects.all_objects
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self.detected_faces: dict[str, float] = {}
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self.person_face_history: dict[str, list[tuple[str, float, int]]] = {}
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self.recognizer: FaceRecognizer | None = None
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download_path = os.path.join(MODEL_CACHE_DIR, "facedet")
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self.model_files = {
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@@ -72,7 +106,13 @@ class FaceRealTimeProcessor(RealTimeProcessorApi):
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self.__build_detector()
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self.label_map: dict[int, str] = {}
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self.__build_classifier()
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if self.face_config.model_size == "small":
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self.recognizer = LBPHRecognizer(self.config)
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else:
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self.recognizer = ArcFaceRecognizer(self.config)
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self.recognizer.build()
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def __download_models(self, path: str) -> None:
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try:
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@@ -92,126 +132,6 @@ class FaceRealTimeProcessor(RealTimeProcessorApi):
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score_threshold=0.5,
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nms_threshold=0.3,
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)
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self.landmark_detector = cv2.face.createFacemarkLBF()
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self.landmark_detector.loadModel(
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os.path.join(MODEL_CACHE_DIR, "facedet/landmarkdet.yaml")
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)
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def __build_classifier(self) -> None:
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if not self.landmark_detector:
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return None
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labels = []
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faces = []
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dir = "/media/frigate/clips/faces"
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for idx, name in enumerate(os.listdir(dir)):
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if name == "train":
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continue
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face_folder = os.path.join(dir, name)
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if not os.path.isdir(face_folder):
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continue
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self.label_map[idx] = name
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for image in os.listdir(face_folder):
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img = cv2.imread(os.path.join(face_folder, image))
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if img is None:
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continue
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img = cv2.cvtColor(img, cv2.COLOR_BGR2GRAY)
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img = self.__align_face(img, img.shape[1], img.shape[0])
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faces.append(img)
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labels.append(idx)
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if not faces:
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return
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self.recognizer: cv2.face.LBPHFaceRecognizer = (
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cv2.face.LBPHFaceRecognizer_create(
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radius=2, threshold=(1 - self.face_config.min_score) * 1000
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)
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)
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self.recognizer.train(faces, np.array(labels))
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def __align_face(
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self,
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image: np.ndarray,
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output_width: int,
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output_height: int,
|
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) -> np.ndarray:
|
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_, lands = self.landmark_detector.fit(
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image, np.array([(0, 0, image.shape[1], image.shape[0])])
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)
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landmarks: np.ndarray = lands[0][0]
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# get landmarks for eyes
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leftEyePts = landmarks[42:48]
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rightEyePts = landmarks[36:42]
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# compute the center of mass for each eye
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leftEyeCenter = leftEyePts.mean(axis=0).astype("int")
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rightEyeCenter = rightEyePts.mean(axis=0).astype("int")
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# compute the angle between the eye centroids
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dY = rightEyeCenter[1] - leftEyeCenter[1]
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dX = rightEyeCenter[0] - leftEyeCenter[0]
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angle = np.degrees(np.arctan2(dY, dX)) - 180
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# compute the desired right eye x-coordinate based on the
|
||||
# desired x-coordinate of the left eye
|
||||
desiredRightEyeX = 1.0 - 0.35
|
||||
|
||||
# determine the scale of the new resulting image by taking
|
||||
# the ratio of the distance between eyes in the *current*
|
||||
# image to the ratio of distance between eyes in the
|
||||
# *desired* image
|
||||
dist = np.sqrt((dX**2) + (dY**2))
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desiredDist = desiredRightEyeX - 0.35
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desiredDist *= output_width
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scale = desiredDist / dist
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|
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# compute center (x, y)-coordinates (i.e., the median point)
|
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# between the two eyes in the input image
|
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# grab the rotation matrix for rotating and scaling the face
|
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eyesCenter = (
|
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int((leftEyeCenter[0] + rightEyeCenter[0]) // 2),
|
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int((leftEyeCenter[1] + rightEyeCenter[1]) // 2),
|
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)
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M = cv2.getRotationMatrix2D(eyesCenter, angle, scale)
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# update the translation component of the matrix
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tX = output_width * 0.5
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||||
tY = output_height * 0.35
|
||||
M[0, 2] += tX - eyesCenter[0]
|
||||
M[1, 2] += tY - eyesCenter[1]
|
||||
|
||||
# apply the affine transformation
|
||||
return cv2.warpAffine(
|
||||
image, M, (output_width, output_height), flags=cv2.INTER_CUBIC
|
||||
)
|
||||
|
||||
def __get_blur_factor(self, input: np.ndarray) -> float:
|
||||
"""Calculates the factor for the confidence based on the blur of the image."""
|
||||
if not self.face_config.blur_confidence_filter:
|
||||
return 1.0
|
||||
|
||||
variance = cv2.Laplacian(input, cv2.CV_64F).var()
|
||||
|
||||
if variance < 60: # image is very blurry
|
||||
return 0.96
|
||||
elif variance < 70: # image moderately blurry
|
||||
return 0.98
|
||||
elif variance < 80: # image is slightly blurry
|
||||
return 0.99
|
||||
else:
|
||||
return 1.0
|
||||
|
||||
def __clear_classifier(self) -> None:
|
||||
self.face_recognizer = None
|
||||
self.label_map = {}
|
||||
|
||||
def __detect_face(
|
||||
self, input: np.ndarray, threshold: float
|
||||
@@ -254,33 +174,6 @@ class FaceRealTimeProcessor(RealTimeProcessorApi):
|
||||
|
||||
return face
|
||||
|
||||
def __classify_face(self, face_image: np.ndarray) -> tuple[str, float] | None:
|
||||
if not self.landmark_detector:
|
||||
return None
|
||||
|
||||
if not self.label_map or not self.recognizer:
|
||||
self.__build_classifier()
|
||||
|
||||
if not self.recognizer:
|
||||
return None
|
||||
|
||||
# face recognition is best run on grayscale images
|
||||
img = cv2.cvtColor(face_image, cv2.COLOR_BGR2GRAY)
|
||||
|
||||
# get blur factor before aligning face
|
||||
blur_factor = self.__get_blur_factor(img)
|
||||
logger.debug(f"face detected with bluriness {blur_factor}")
|
||||
|
||||
# align face and run recognition
|
||||
img = self.__align_face(img, img.shape[1], img.shape[0])
|
||||
index, distance = self.recognizer.predict(img)
|
||||
|
||||
if index == -1:
|
||||
return None
|
||||
|
||||
score = (1.0 - (distance / 1000)) * blur_factor
|
||||
return self.label_map[index], round(score, 2)
|
||||
|
||||
def __update_metrics(self, duration: float) -> None:
|
||||
self.metrics.face_rec_fps.value = (
|
||||
self.metrics.face_rec_fps.value * 9 + duration
|
||||
@@ -301,7 +194,7 @@ class FaceRealTimeProcessor(RealTimeProcessorApi):
|
||||
|
||||
# don't overwrite sub label for objects that have a sub label
|
||||
# that is not a face
|
||||
if obj_data.get("sub_label") and id not in self.detected_faces:
|
||||
if obj_data.get("sub_label") and id not in self.person_face_history:
|
||||
logger.debug(
|
||||
f"Not processing face due to existing sub label: {obj_data.get('sub_label')}."
|
||||
)
|
||||
@@ -370,53 +263,46 @@ class FaceRealTimeProcessor(RealTimeProcessorApi):
|
||||
max(0, face_box[0]) : min(frame.shape[1], face_box[2]),
|
||||
]
|
||||
|
||||
res = self.__classify_face(face_frame)
|
||||
res = self.recognizer.classify(face_frame)
|
||||
|
||||
if not res:
|
||||
self.__update_metrics(datetime.datetime.now().timestamp() - start)
|
||||
return
|
||||
|
||||
sub_label, score = res
|
||||
|
||||
# calculate the overall face score as the probability * area of face
|
||||
# this will help to reduce false positives from small side-angle faces
|
||||
# if a large front-on face image may have scored slightly lower but
|
||||
# is more likely to be accurate due to the larger face area
|
||||
face_score = round(score * face_frame.shape[0] * face_frame.shape[1], 2)
|
||||
|
||||
logger.debug(
|
||||
f"Detected best face for person as: {sub_label} with probability {score} and overall face score {face_score}"
|
||||
f"Detected best face for person as: {sub_label} with probability {score}"
|
||||
)
|
||||
|
||||
if self.config.face_recognition.save_attempts:
|
||||
# write face to library
|
||||
folder = os.path.join(FACE_DIR, "train")
|
||||
file = os.path.join(folder, f"{id}-{sub_label}-{score}-{face_score}.webp")
|
||||
file = os.path.join(folder, f"{id}-{sub_label}-{score}-0.webp")
|
||||
os.makedirs(folder, exist_ok=True)
|
||||
cv2.imwrite(file, face_frame)
|
||||
|
||||
if score < self.config.face_recognition.recognition_threshold:
|
||||
logger.debug(
|
||||
f"Recognized face distance {score} is less than threshold {self.config.face_recognition.recognition_threshold}"
|
||||
)
|
||||
self.__update_metrics(datetime.datetime.now().timestamp() - start)
|
||||
return
|
||||
if id not in self.person_face_history:
|
||||
self.person_face_history[id] = []
|
||||
|
||||
if id in self.detected_faces and face_score <= self.detected_faces[id]:
|
||||
logger.debug(
|
||||
f"Recognized face distance {score} and overall score {face_score} is less than previous overall face score ({self.detected_faces.get(id)})."
|
||||
)
|
||||
self.__update_metrics(datetime.datetime.now().timestamp() - start)
|
||||
return
|
||||
|
||||
self.sub_label_publisher.publish(
|
||||
EventMetadataTypeEnum.sub_label, (id, sub_label, score)
|
||||
self.person_face_history[id].append(
|
||||
(sub_label, score, face_frame.shape[0] * face_frame.shape[1])
|
||||
)
|
||||
self.detected_faces[id] = face_score
|
||||
(weighted_sub_label, weighted_score) = weighted_average_by_area(
|
||||
self.person_face_history[id]
|
||||
)
|
||||
|
||||
if weighted_score >= self.face_config.recognition_threshold:
|
||||
self.sub_label_publisher.publish(
|
||||
EventMetadataTypeEnum.sub_label,
|
||||
(id, weighted_sub_label, weighted_score),
|
||||
)
|
||||
|
||||
self.__update_metrics(datetime.datetime.now().timestamp() - start)
|
||||
|
||||
def handle_request(self, topic, request_data) -> dict[str, any] | None:
|
||||
if topic == EmbeddingsRequestEnum.clear_face_classifier.value:
|
||||
self.__clear_classifier()
|
||||
self.recognizer.clear()
|
||||
elif topic == EmbeddingsRequestEnum.recognize_face.value:
|
||||
img = cv2.imdecode(
|
||||
np.frombuffer(base64.b64decode(request_data["image"]), dtype=np.uint8),
|
||||
@@ -431,7 +317,7 @@ class FaceRealTimeProcessor(RealTimeProcessorApi):
|
||||
return {"message": "No face was detected.", "success": False}
|
||||
|
||||
face = img[face_box[1] : face_box[3], face_box[0] : face_box[2]]
|
||||
res = self.__classify_face(face)
|
||||
res = self.recognizer.classify(face)
|
||||
|
||||
if not res:
|
||||
return {"success": False, "message": "No face was recognized."}
|
||||
@@ -480,7 +366,7 @@ class FaceRealTimeProcessor(RealTimeProcessorApi):
|
||||
with open(file, "wb") as output:
|
||||
output.write(thumbnail.tobytes())
|
||||
|
||||
self.__clear_classifier()
|
||||
self.recognizer.clear()
|
||||
return {
|
||||
"message": "Successfully registered face.",
|
||||
"success": True,
|
||||
@@ -500,7 +386,7 @@ class FaceRealTimeProcessor(RealTimeProcessorApi):
|
||||
"success": False,
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
res = self.__classify_face(img)
|
||||
res = self.recognizer.classify(img)
|
||||
|
||||
if not res:
|
||||
return
|
||||
@@ -527,5 +413,5 @@ class FaceRealTimeProcessor(RealTimeProcessorApi):
|
||||
os.unlink(os.path.join(folder, files[-1]))
|
||||
|
||||
def expire_object(self, object_id: str):
|
||||
if object_id in self.detected_faces:
|
||||
self.detected_faces.pop(object_id)
|
||||
if object_id in self.person_face_history:
|
||||
self.person_face_history.pop(object_id)
|
||||
|
||||
Reference in New Issue
Block a user