Merge remote-tracking branch 'jf/main' into issue-492

2025-09-20 17:53:11 +02:00 · 2022-06-17 17:30:51 +10:00 · 2022-06-17 17:30:51 +10:00 · 4cf9dc50cf
commit 4cf9dc50cf
parent 6b1355846a 3ae340527f
45 changed files with 1622 additions and 364 deletions
--- a/.gitignore
+++ b/.gitignore
@ -31,3 +31,5 @@ test_output/
 # Nix build output
 result
 .direnv/
+
+integration_test/etc/config.dump.yaml
--- a/CHANGELOG.md
+++ b/CHANGELOG.md
@ -2,6 +2,10 @@

 ## 0.16.0 (2022-xx-xx)

+### BREAKING
+
+- Old ACL syntax is no longer supported ("users" & "ports" -> "src" & "dst"). Please check [the new syntax](https://tailscale.com/kb/1018/acls/).
+
 ### Changes

 - **Drop** armhf (32-bit ARM) support. [#609](https://github.com/juanfont/headscale/pull/609)
@ -22,6 +26,11 @@
  - This change disables the logs by default
 - Use [Prometheus]'s duration parser, supporting days (`d`), weeks (`w`) and years (`y`) [#598](https://github.com/juanfont/headscale/pull/598)
 - Add support for reloading ACLs with SIGHUP [#601](https://github.com/juanfont/headscale/pull/601)
+- Use new ACL syntax [#618](https://github.com/juanfont/headscale/pull/618)
+- Add -c option to specify config file from command line [#285](https://github.com/juanfont/headscale/issues/285) [#612](https://github.com/juanfont/headscale/pull/601)
+- Add configuration option to allow Tailscale clients to use a random WireGuard port. [kb/1181/firewalls](https://tailscale.com/kb/1181/firewalls) [#624](https://github.com/juanfont/headscale/pull/624)
+- Improve obtuse UX regarding missing configuration (`ephemeral_node_inactivity_timeout` not set) [#639](https://github.com/juanfont/headscale/pull/639)
+- Fix nodes being shown as 'offline' in `tailscale status` [648](https://github.com/juanfont/headscale/pull/648)

 ## 0.15.0 (2022-03-20)

--- a/2
+++ b/2
@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 # Calculate version
-version = $(git describe --always --tags --dirty)
+version ?= $(shell git describe --always --tags --dirty)

 rwildcard=$(foreach d,$(wildcard $1*),$(call rwildcard,$d/,$2) $(filter $(subst *,%,$2),$d))

--- a/README.md
+++ b/README.md
@ -195,6 +195,15 @@ make build
            <sub style="font-size:14px"><b>Nico</b></sub>
        </a>
    </td>
+    <td align="center" style="word-wrap: break-word; width: 150.0; height: 150.0">
+        <a href=https://github.com/huskyii>
+            <img src=https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/5499746?v=4 width="100;"  style="border-radius:50%;align-items:center;justify-content:center;overflow:hidden;padding-top:10px" alt=Jiang Zhu/>
+            <br />
+            <sub style="font-size:14px"><b>Jiang Zhu</b></sub>
+        </a>
+    </td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
    <td align="center" style="word-wrap: break-word; width: 150.0; height: 150.0">
        <a href=https://github.com/e-zk>
            <img src=https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/58356365?v=4 width="100;"  style="border-radius:50%;align-items:center;justify-content:center;overflow:hidden;padding-top:10px" alt=e-zk/>
@ -202,8 +211,6 @@ make build
            <sub style="font-size:14px"><b>e-zk</b></sub>
        </a>
    </td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
    <td align="center" style="word-wrap: break-word; width: 150.0; height: 150.0">
        <a href=https://github.com/arch4ngel>
            <img src=https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/11574161?v=4 width="100;"  style="border-radius:50%;align-items:center;justify-content:center;overflow:hidden;padding-top:10px" alt=Justin Angel/>
@ -239,6 +246,8 @@ make build
            <sub style="font-size:14px"><b>ohdearaugustin</b></sub>
        </a>
    </td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
    <td align="center" style="word-wrap: break-word; width: 150.0; height: 150.0">
        <a href=https://github.com/Niek>
            <img src=https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/213140?v=4 width="100;"  style="border-radius:50%;align-items:center;justify-content:center;overflow:hidden;padding-top:10px" alt=Niek van der Maas/>
@ -246,8 +255,6 @@ make build
            <sub style="font-size:14px"><b>Niek van der Maas</b></sub>
        </a>
    </td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
    <td align="center" style="word-wrap: break-word; width: 150.0; height: 150.0">
        <a href=https://github.com/negbie>
            <img src=https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/20154956?v=4 width="100;"  style="border-radius:50%;align-items:center;justify-content:center;overflow:hidden;padding-top:10px" alt=Eugen Biegler/>
@ -283,6 +290,15 @@ make build
            <sub style="font-size:14px"><b>bravechamp</b></sub>
        </a>
    </td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
+    <td align="center" style="word-wrap: break-word; width: 150.0; height: 150.0">
+        <a href=https://github.com/iSchluff>
+            <img src=https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/1429641?v=4 width="100;"  style="border-radius:50%;align-items:center;justify-content:center;overflow:hidden;padding-top:10px" alt=Anton Schubert/>
+            <br />
+            <sub style="font-size:14px"><b>Anton Schubert</b></sub>
+        </a>
+    </td>
    <td align="center" style="word-wrap: break-word; width: 150.0; height: 150.0">
        <a href=https://github.com/deonthomasgy>
            <img src=https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/150036?v=4 width="100;"  style="border-radius:50%;align-items:center;justify-content:center;overflow:hidden;padding-top:10px" alt=Deon Thomas/>
@ -290,8 +306,6 @@ make build
            <sub style="font-size:14px"><b>Deon Thomas</b></sub>
        </a>
    </td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
    <td align="center" style="word-wrap: break-word; width: 150.0; height: 150.0">
        <a href=https://github.com/mevansam>
            <img src=https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/403630?v=4 width="100;"  style="border-radius:50%;align-items:center;justify-content:center;overflow:hidden;padding-top:10px" alt=Mevan Samaratunga/>
@ -313,6 +327,15 @@ make build
            <sub style="font-size:14px"><b>Paul Tötterman</b></sub>
        </a>
    </td>
+    <td align="center" style="word-wrap: break-word; width: 150.0; height: 150.0">
+        <a href=https://github.com/majst01>
+            <img src=https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/410110?v=4 width="100;"  style="border-radius:50%;align-items:center;justify-content:center;overflow:hidden;padding-top:10px" alt=Stefan Majer/>
+            <br />
+            <sub style="font-size:14px"><b>Stefan Majer</b></sub>
+        </a>
+    </td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
    <td align="center" style="word-wrap: break-word; width: 150.0; height: 150.0">
        <a href=https://github.com/artemklevtsov>
            <img src=https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/603798?v=4 width="100;"  style="border-radius:50%;align-items:center;justify-content:center;overflow:hidden;padding-top:10px" alt=Artem Klevtsov/>
@ -334,8 +357,6 @@ make build
            <sub style="font-size:14px"><b>Pavlos Vinieratos</b></sub>
        </a>
    </td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
    <td align="center" style="word-wrap: break-word; width: 150.0; height: 150.0">
        <a href=https://github.com/SilverBut>
            <img src=https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/6560655?v=4 width="100;"  style="border-radius:50%;align-items:center;justify-content:center;overflow:hidden;padding-top:10px" alt=Silver Bullet/>
@ -343,13 +364,6 @@ make build
            <sub style="font-size:14px"><b>Silver Bullet</b></sub>
        </a>
    </td>
-    <td align="center" style="word-wrap: break-word; width: 150.0; height: 150.0">
-        <a href=https://github.com/majst01>
-            <img src=https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/410110?v=4 width="100;"  style="border-radius:50%;align-items:center;justify-content:center;overflow:hidden;padding-top:10px" alt=Stefan Majer/>
-            <br />
-            <sub style="font-size:14px"><b>Stefan Majer</b></sub>
-        </a>
-    </td>
    <td align="center" style="word-wrap: break-word; width: 150.0; height: 150.0">
        <a href=https://github.com/lachy2849>
            <img src=https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/98844035?v=4 width="100;"  style="border-radius:50%;align-items:center;justify-content:center;overflow:hidden;padding-top:10px" alt=lachy2849/>
@ -364,6 +378,8 @@ make build
            <sub style="font-size:14px"><b>thomas</b></sub>
        </a>
    </td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
    <td align="center" style="word-wrap: break-word; width: 150.0; height: 150.0">
        <a href=https://github.com/aberoham>
            <img src=https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/586805?v=4 width="100;"  style="border-radius:50%;align-items:center;justify-content:center;overflow:hidden;padding-top:10px" alt=Abraham Ingersoll/>
@ -378,15 +394,6 @@ make build
            <sub style="font-size:14px"><b>Antoine POPINEAU</b></sub>
        </a>
    </td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-    <td align="center" style="word-wrap: break-word; width: 150.0; height: 150.0">
-        <a href=https://github.com/iSchluff>
-            <img src=https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/1429641?v=4 width="100;"  style="border-radius:50%;align-items:center;justify-content:center;overflow:hidden;padding-top:10px" alt=Anton Schubert/>
-            <br />
-            <sub style="font-size:14px"><b>Anton Schubert</b></sub>
-        </a>
-    </td>
    <td align="center" style="word-wrap: break-word; width: 150.0; height: 150.0">
        <a href=https://github.com/aofei>
            <img src=https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/5037285?v=4 width="100;"  style="border-radius:50%;align-items:center;justify-content:center;overflow:hidden;padding-top:10px" alt=Aofei Sheng/>
@ -415,6 +422,8 @@ make build
            <sub style="font-size:14px"><b> Carson Yang</b></sub>
        </a>
    </td>
+</tr>
+<tr>
    <td align="center" style="word-wrap: break-word; width: 150.0; height: 150.0">
        <a href=https://github.com/kundel>
            <img src=https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/10158899?v=4 width="100;"  style="border-radius:50%;align-items:center;justify-content:center;overflow:hidden;padding-top:10px" alt=kundel/>
@ -422,8 +431,6 @@ make build
            <sub style="font-size:14px"><b>kundel</b></sub>
        </a>
    </td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
    <td align="center" style="word-wrap: break-word; width: 150.0; height: 150.0">
        <a href=https://github.com/fkr>
            <img src=https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/51063?v=4 width="100;"  style="border-radius:50%;align-items:center;justify-content:center;overflow:hidden;padding-top:10px" alt=Felix Kronlage-Dammers/>
@ -452,13 +459,6 @@ make build
            <sub style="font-size:14px"><b>Jamie Greeff</b></sub>
        </a>
    </td>
-    <td align="center" style="word-wrap: break-word; width: 150.0; height: 150.0">
-        <a href=https://github.com/huskyii>
-            <img src=https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/5499746?v=4 width="100;"  style="border-radius:50%;align-items:center;justify-content:center;overflow:hidden;padding-top:10px" alt=Jiang Zhu/>
-            <br />
-            <sub style="font-size:14px"><b>Jiang Zhu</b></sub>
-        </a>
-    </td>
    <td align="center" style="word-wrap: break-word; width: 150.0; height: 150.0">
        <a href=https://github.com/jimt>
            <img src=https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/180326?v=4 width="100;"  style="border-radius:50%;align-items:center;justify-content:center;overflow:hidden;padding-top:10px" alt=Jim Tittsler/>
--- a/acls.go
+++ b/acls.go
@ -23,6 +23,7 @@ const (
 	errInvalidGroup      = Error("invalid group")
 	errInvalidTag        = Error("invalid tag")
 	errInvalidPortFormat = Error("invalid port format")
+	errWildcardIsNeeded  = Error("wildcard as port is required for the protocol")
 )

 const (
@ -36,6 +37,23 @@ const (
 	expectedTokenItems = 2
 )

+// For some reason golang.org/x/net/internal/iana is an internal package
+const (
+	protocolICMP     = 1   // Internet Control Message
+	protocolIGMP     = 2   // Internet Group Management
+	protocolIPv4     = 4   // IPv4 encapsulation
+	protocolTCP      = 6   // Transmission Control
+	protocolEGP      = 8   // Exterior Gateway Protocol
+	protocolIGP      = 9   // any private interior gateway (used by Cisco for their IGRP)
+	protocolUDP      = 17  // User Datagram
+	protocolGRE      = 47  // Generic Routing Encapsulation
+	protocolESP      = 50  // Encap Security Payload
+	protocolAH       = 51  // Authentication Header
+	protocolIPv6ICMP = 58  // ICMP for IPv6
+	protocolSCTP     = 132 // Stream Control Transmission Protocol
+	ProtocolFC       = 133 // Fibre Channel
+)
+
 // LoadACLPolicy loads the ACL policy from the specify path, and generates the ACL rules.
 func (h *Headscale) LoadACLPolicy(path string) error {
 	log.Debug().
@ -123,23 +141,31 @@ func (h *Headscale) generateACLRules() ([]tailcfg.FilterRule, error) {
 		}

 		srcIPs := []string{}
-		for innerIndex, user := range acl.Users {
-			srcs, err := h.generateACLPolicySrcIP(machines, *h.aclPolicy, user)
+		for innerIndex, src := range acl.Sources {
+			srcs, err := h.generateACLPolicySrcIP(machines, *h.aclPolicy, src)
 			if err != nil {
 				log.Error().
-					Msgf("Error parsing ACL %d, User %d", index, innerIndex)
+					Msgf("Error parsing ACL %d, Source %d", index, innerIndex)

 				return nil, err
 			}
 			srcIPs = append(srcIPs, srcs...)
 		}

+		protocols, needsWildcard, err := parseProtocol(acl.Protocol)
+		if err != nil {
+			log.Error().
+				Msgf("Error parsing ACL %d. protocol unknown %s", index, acl.Protocol)
+
+			return nil, err
+		}
+
 		destPorts := []tailcfg.NetPortRange{}
-		for innerIndex, ports := range acl.Ports {
-			dests, err := h.generateACLPolicyDestPorts(machines, *h.aclPolicy, ports)
+		for innerIndex, dest := range acl.Destinations {
+			dests, err := h.generateACLPolicyDest(machines, *h.aclPolicy, dest, needsWildcard)
 			if err != nil {
 				log.Error().
-					Msgf("Error parsing ACL %d, Port %d", index, innerIndex)
+					Msgf("Error parsing ACL %d, Destination %d", index, innerIndex)

 				return nil, err
 			}
@ -149,6 +175,7 @@ func (h *Headscale) generateACLRules() ([]tailcfg.FilterRule, error) {
 		rules = append(rules, tailcfg.FilterRule{
 			SrcIPs:   srcIPs,
 			DstPorts: destPorts,
+			IPProto:  protocols,
 		})
 	}

@ -158,17 +185,18 @@ func (h *Headscale) generateACLRules() ([]tailcfg.FilterRule, error) {
 func (h *Headscale) generateACLPolicySrcIP(
 	machines []Machine,
 	aclPolicy ACLPolicy,
-	u string,
+	src string,
 ) ([]string, error) {
-	return expandAlias(machines, aclPolicy, u, h.cfg.OIDC.StripEmaildomain)
+	return expandAlias(machines, aclPolicy, src, h.cfg.OIDC.StripEmaildomain)
 }

-func (h *Headscale) generateACLPolicyDestPorts(
+func (h *Headscale) generateACLPolicyDest(
 	machines []Machine,
 	aclPolicy ACLPolicy,
-	d string,
+	dest string,
+	needsWildcard bool,
 ) ([]tailcfg.NetPortRange, error) {
-	tokens := strings.Split(d, ":")
+	tokens := strings.Split(dest, ":")
 	if len(tokens) < expectedTokenItems || len(tokens) > 3 {
 		return nil, errInvalidPortFormat
 	}
@ -195,7 +223,7 @@ func (h *Headscale) generateACLPolicyDestPorts(
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}
-	ports, err := expandPorts(tokens[len(tokens)-1])
+	ports, err := expandPorts(tokens[len(tokens)-1], needsWildcard)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}
@ -214,6 +242,54 @@ func (h *Headscale) generateACLPolicyDestPorts(
 	return dests, nil
 }

+// parseProtocol reads the proto field of the ACL and generates a list of
+// protocols that will be allowed, following the IANA IP protocol number
+// https://www.iana.org/assignments/protocol-numbers/protocol-numbers.xhtml
+//
+// If the ACL proto field is empty, it allows ICMPv4, ICMPv6, TCP, and UDP,
+// as per Tailscale behaviour (see tailcfg.FilterRule).
+//
+// Also returns a boolean indicating if the protocol
+// requires all the destinations to use wildcard as port number (only TCP,
+// UDP and SCTP support specifying ports).
+func parseProtocol(protocol string) ([]int, bool, error) {
+	switch protocol {
+	case "":
+		return []int{protocolICMP, protocolIPv6ICMP, protocolTCP, protocolUDP}, false, nil
+	case "igmp":
+		return []int{protocolIGMP}, true, nil
+	case "ipv4", "ip-in-ip":
+		return []int{protocolIPv4}, true, nil
+	case "tcp":
+		return []int{protocolTCP}, false, nil
+	case "egp":
+		return []int{protocolEGP}, true, nil
+	case "igp":
+		return []int{protocolIGP}, true, nil
+	case "udp":
+		return []int{protocolUDP}, false, nil
+	case "gre":
+		return []int{protocolGRE}, true, nil
+	case "esp":
+		return []int{protocolESP}, true, nil
+	case "ah":
+		return []int{protocolAH}, true, nil
+	case "sctp":
+		return []int{protocolSCTP}, false, nil
+	case "icmp":
+		return []int{protocolICMP, protocolIPv6ICMP}, true, nil
+
+	default:
+		protocolNumber, err := strconv.Atoi(protocol)
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, false, err
+		}
+		needsWildcard := protocolNumber != protocolTCP && protocolNumber != protocolUDP && protocolNumber != protocolSCTP
+
+		return []int{protocolNumber}, needsWildcard, nil
+	}
+}
+
 // expandalias has an input of either
 // - a namespace
 // - a group
@ -268,6 +344,7 @@ func expandAlias(
 						alias,
 					)
 				}
+
 				return ips, nil
 			} else {
 				return ips, err
@ -359,13 +436,17 @@ func excludeCorrectlyTaggedNodes(
 	return out
 }

-func expandPorts(portsStr string) (*[]tailcfg.PortRange, error) {
+func expandPorts(portsStr string, needsWildcard bool) (*[]tailcfg.PortRange, error) {
 	if portsStr == "*" {
 		return &[]tailcfg.PortRange{
 			{First: portRangeBegin, Last: portRangeEnd},
 		}, nil
 	}

+	if needsWildcard {
+		return nil, errWildcardIsNeeded
+	}
+
 	ports := []tailcfg.PortRange{}
 	for _, portStr := range strings.Split(portsStr, ",") {
 		rang := strings.Split(portStr, "-")
--- a/acls_test.go
+++ b/acls_test.go
@ -62,7 +62,7 @@ func (s *Suite) TestBasicRule(c *check.C) {
 func (s *Suite) TestInvalidAction(c *check.C) {
 	app.aclPolicy = &ACLPolicy{
 		ACLs: []ACL{
-			{Action: "invalidAction", Users: []string{"*"}, Ports: []string{"*:*"}},
+			{Action: "invalidAction", Sources: []string{"*"}, Destinations: []string{"*:*"}},
 		},
 	}
 	err := app.UpdateACLRules()
@ -70,14 +70,14 @@ func (s *Suite) TestInvalidAction(c *check.C) {
 }

 func (s *Suite) TestInvalidGroupInGroup(c *check.C) {
-	// this ACL is wrong because the group in users sections doesn't exist
+	// this ACL is wrong because the group in Sources sections doesn't exist
 	app.aclPolicy = &ACLPolicy{
 		Groups: Groups{
 			"group:test":  []string{"foo"},
 			"group:error": []string{"foo", "group:test"},
 		},
 		ACLs: []ACL{
-			{Action: "accept", Users: []string{"group:error"}, Ports: []string{"*:*"}},
+			{Action: "accept", Sources: []string{"group:error"}, Destinations: []string{"*:*"}},
 		},
 	}
 	err := app.UpdateACLRules()
@ -88,7 +88,7 @@ func (s *Suite) TestInvalidTagOwners(c *check.C) {
 	// this ACL is wrong because no tagOwners own the requested tag for the server
 	app.aclPolicy = &ACLPolicy{
 		ACLs: []ACL{
-			{Action: "accept", Users: []string{"tag:foo"}, Ports: []string{"*:*"}},
+			{Action: "accept", Sources: []string{"tag:foo"}, Destinations: []string{"*:*"}},
 		},
 	}
 	err := app.UpdateACLRules()
@ -97,8 +97,8 @@ func (s *Suite) TestInvalidTagOwners(c *check.C) {

 // this test should validate that we can expand a group in a TagOWner section and
 // match properly the IP's of the related hosts. The owner is valid and the tag is also valid.
-// the tag is matched in the Users section.
-func (s *Suite) TestValidExpandTagOwnersInUsers(c *check.C) {
+// the tag is matched in the Sources section.
+func (s *Suite) TestValidExpandTagOwnersInSources(c *check.C) {
 	namespace, err := app.CreateNamespace("user1")
 	c.Assert(err, check.IsNil)

@ -131,7 +131,7 @@ func (s *Suite) TestValidExpandTagOwnersInUsers(c *check.C) {
 		Groups:    Groups{"group:test": []string{"user1", "user2"}},
 		TagOwners: TagOwners{"tag:test": []string{"user3", "group:test"}},
 		ACLs: []ACL{
-			{Action: "accept", Users: []string{"tag:test"}, Ports: []string{"*:*"}},
+			{Action: "accept", Sources: []string{"tag:test"}, Destinations: []string{"*:*"}},
 		},
 	}
 	err = app.UpdateACLRules()
@ -143,8 +143,8 @@ func (s *Suite) TestValidExpandTagOwnersInUsers(c *check.C) {

 // this test should validate that we can expand a group in a TagOWner section and
 // match properly the IP's of the related hosts. The owner is valid and the tag is also valid.
-// the tag is matched in the Ports section.
-func (s *Suite) TestValidExpandTagOwnersInPorts(c *check.C) {
+// the tag is matched in the Destinations section.
+func (s *Suite) TestValidExpandTagOwnersInDestinations(c *check.C) {
 	namespace, err := app.CreateNamespace("user1")
 	c.Assert(err, check.IsNil)

@ -177,7 +177,7 @@ func (s *Suite) TestValidExpandTagOwnersInPorts(c *check.C) {
 		Groups:    Groups{"group:test": []string{"user1", "user2"}},
 		TagOwners: TagOwners{"tag:test": []string{"user3", "group:test"}},
 		ACLs: []ACL{
-			{Action: "accept", Users: []string{"*"}, Ports: []string{"tag:test:*"}},
+			{Action: "accept", Sources: []string{"*"}, Destinations: []string{"tag:test:*"}},
 		},
 	}
 	err = app.UpdateACLRules()
@ -222,7 +222,7 @@ func (s *Suite) TestInvalidTagValidNamespace(c *check.C) {
 	app.aclPolicy = &ACLPolicy{
 		TagOwners: TagOwners{"tag:test": []string{"user1"}},
 		ACLs: []ACL{
-			{Action: "accept", Users: []string{"user1"}, Ports: []string{"*:*"}},
+			{Action: "accept", Sources: []string{"user1"}, Destinations: []string{"*:*"}},
 		},
 	}
 	err = app.UpdateACLRules()
@ -287,9 +287,9 @@ func (s *Suite) TestValidTagInvalidNamespace(c *check.C) {
 		TagOwners: TagOwners{"tag:webapp": []string{"user1"}},
 		ACLs: []ACL{
 			{
-				Action: "accept",
-				Users:  []string{"user1"},
-				Ports:  []string{"tag:webapp:80,443"},
+				Action:       "accept",
+				Sources:      []string{"user1"},
+				Destinations: []string{"tag:webapp:80,443"},
 			},
 		},
 	}
@ -321,6 +321,20 @@ func (s *Suite) TestPortRange(c *check.C) {
 	c.Assert(rules[0].DstPorts[0].Ports.Last, check.Equals, uint16(5500))
 }

+func (s *Suite) TestProtocolParsing(c *check.C) {
+	err := app.LoadACLPolicy("./tests/acls/acl_policy_basic_protocols.hujson")
+	c.Assert(err, check.IsNil)
+
+	rules, err := app.generateACLRules()
+	c.Assert(err, check.IsNil)
+	c.Assert(rules, check.NotNil)
+
+	c.Assert(rules, check.HasLen, 3)
+	c.Assert(rules[0].IPProto[0], check.Equals, protocolTCP)
+	c.Assert(rules[1].IPProto[0], check.Equals, protocolUDP)
+	c.Assert(rules[2].IPProto[1], check.Equals, protocolIPv6ICMP)
+}
+
 func (s *Suite) TestPortWildcard(c *check.C) {
 	err := app.LoadACLPolicy("./tests/acls/acl_policy_basic_wildcards.hujson")
 	c.Assert(err, check.IsNil)
@ -628,7 +642,8 @@ func Test_expandTagOwners(t *testing.T) {

 func Test_expandPorts(t *testing.T) {
 	type args struct {
-		portsStr string
+		portsStr      string
+		needsWildcard bool
 	}
 	tests := []struct {
 		name    string
@ -638,15 +653,29 @@ func Test_expandPorts(t *testing.T) {
 	}{
 		{
 			name: "wildcard",
-			args: args{portsStr: "*"},
+			args: args{portsStr: "*", needsWildcard: true},
 			want: &[]tailcfg.PortRange{
 				{First: portRangeBegin, Last: portRangeEnd},
 			},
 			wantErr: false,
 		},
 		{
-			name: "two ports",
-			args: args{portsStr: "80,443"},
+			name: "needs wildcard but does not require it",
+			args: args{portsStr: "*", needsWildcard: false},
+			want: &[]tailcfg.PortRange{
+				{First: portRangeBegin, Last: portRangeEnd},
+			},
+			wantErr: false,
+		},
+		{
+			name:    "needs wildcard but gets port",
+			args:    args{portsStr: "80,443", needsWildcard: true},
+			want:    nil,
+			wantErr: true,
+		},
+		{
+			name: "two Destinations",
+			args: args{portsStr: "80,443", needsWildcard: false},
 			want: &[]tailcfg.PortRange{
 				{First: 80, Last: 80},
 				{First: 443, Last: 443},
@ -655,7 +684,7 @@ func Test_expandPorts(t *testing.T) {
 		},
 		{
 			name: "a range and a port",
-			args: args{portsStr: "80-1024,443"},
+			args: args{portsStr: "80-1024,443", needsWildcard: false},
 			want: &[]tailcfg.PortRange{
 				{First: 80, Last: 1024},
 				{First: 443, Last: 443},
@ -664,38 +693,38 @@ func Test_expandPorts(t *testing.T) {
 		},
 		{
 			name:    "out of bounds",
-			args:    args{portsStr: "854038"},
+			args:    args{portsStr: "854038", needsWildcard: false},
 			want:    nil,
 			wantErr: true,
 		},
 		{
 			name:    "wrong port",
-			args:    args{portsStr: "85a38"},
+			args:    args{portsStr: "85a38", needsWildcard: false},
 			want:    nil,
 			wantErr: true,
 		},
 		{
 			name:    "wrong port in first",
-			args:    args{portsStr: "a-80"},
+			args:    args{portsStr: "a-80", needsWildcard: false},
 			want:    nil,
 			wantErr: true,
 		},
 		{
 			name:    "wrong port in last",
-			args:    args{portsStr: "80-85a38"},
+			args:    args{portsStr: "80-85a38", needsWildcard: false},
 			want:    nil,
 			wantErr: true,
 		},
 		{
 			name:    "wrong port format",
-			args:    args{portsStr: "80-85a38-3"},
+			args:    args{portsStr: "80-85a38-3", needsWildcard: false},
 			want:    nil,
 			wantErr: true,
 		},
 	}
 	for _, test := range tests {
 		t.Run(test.name, func(t *testing.T) {
-			got, err := expandPorts(test.args.portsStr)
+			got, err := expandPorts(test.args.portsStr, test.args.needsWildcard)
 			if (err != nil) != test.wantErr {
 				t.Errorf("expandPorts() error = %v, wantErr %v", err, test.wantErr)

--- a/acls_types.go
+++ b/acls_types.go
@ -11,18 +11,19 @@ import (

 // ACLPolicy represents a Tailscale ACL Policy.
 type ACLPolicy struct {
-	Groups    Groups    `json:"Groups,omitempty"    yaml:"Groups,omitempty"`
-	Hosts     Hosts     `json:"Hosts,omitempty"     yaml:"Hosts,omitempty"`
-	TagOwners TagOwners `json:"TagOwners,omitempty" yaml:"TagOwners,omitempty"`
-	ACLs      []ACL     `json:"ACLs,omitempty"      yaml:"ACLs,omitempty"`
-	Tests     []ACLTest `json:"Tests,omitempty"     yaml:"Tests,omitempty"`
+	Groups    Groups    `json:"groups"    yaml:"groups"`
+	Hosts     Hosts     `json:"hosts"     yaml:"hosts"`
+	TagOwners TagOwners `json:"tagOwners" yaml:"tagOwners"`
+	ACLs      []ACL     `json:"acls"      yaml:"acls"`
+	Tests     []ACLTest `json:"tests"     yaml:"tests"`
 }

 // ACL is a basic rule for the ACL Policy.
 type ACL struct {
-	Action string   `json:"Action" yaml:"Action"`
-	Users  []string `json:"Users"  yaml:"Users"`
-	Ports  []string `json:"Ports"  yaml:"Ports"`
+	Action       string   `json:"action" yaml:"action"`
+	Protocol     string   `json:"proto" yaml:"proto"`
+	Sources      []string `json:"src"  yaml:"src"`
+	Destinations []string `json:"dst"  yaml:"dst"`
 }

 // Groups references a series of alias in the ACL rules.
@ -36,9 +37,9 @@ type TagOwners map[string][]string

 // ACLTest is not implemented, but should be use to check if a certain rule is allowed.
 type ACLTest struct {
-	User  string   `json:"User"           yaml:"User"`
-	Allow []string `json:"Allow"          yaml:"Allow"`
-	Deny  []string `json:"Deny,omitempty" yaml:"Deny,omitempty"`
+	Source string   `json:"src"           yaml:"src"`
+	Accept []string `json:"accept"          yaml:"accept"`
+	Deny   []string `json:"deny,omitempty" yaml:"deny,omitempty"`
 }

 // UnmarshalJSON allows to parse the Hosts directly into netaddr objects.
--- a/api.go
+++ b/api.go
@ -279,7 +279,8 @@ func (h *Headscale) getMapResponse(
 		DERPMap:      h.DERPMap,
 		UserProfiles: profiles,
 		Debug: &tailcfg.Debug{
-			DisableLogTail: !h.cfg.LogTail.Enabled,
+			DisableLogTail:      !h.cfg.LogTail.Enabled,
+			RandomizeClientPort: h.cfg.RandomizeClientPort,
 		},
 	}

--- a/api_key.go
+++ b/api_key.go
@ -13,7 +13,6 @@ import (
 const (
 	apiPrefixLength = 7
 	apiKeyLength    = 32
-	apiKeyParts     = 2

 	errAPIKeyFailedToParse = Error("Failed to parse ApiKey")
 )
@ -115,9 +114,9 @@ func (h *Headscale) ExpireAPIKey(key *APIKey) error {
 }

 func (h *Headscale) ValidateAPIKey(keyStr string) (bool, error) {
-	prefix, hash, err := splitAPIKey(keyStr)
-	if err != nil {
-		return false, fmt.Errorf("failed to validate api key: %w", err)
+	prefix, hash, found := strings.Cut(keyStr, ".")
+	if !found {
+		return false, errAPIKeyFailedToParse
 	}

 	key, err := h.GetAPIKey(prefix)
@ -136,15 +135,6 @@ func (h *Headscale) ValidateAPIKey(keyStr string) (bool, error) {
 	return true, nil
 }

-func splitAPIKey(key string) (string, string, error) {
-	parts := strings.Split(key, ".")
-	if len(parts) != apiKeyParts {
-		return "", "", errAPIKeyFailedToParse
-	}
-
-	return parts[0], parts[1], nil
-}
-
 func (key *APIKey) toProto() *v1.ApiKey {
 	protoKey := v1.ApiKey{
 		Id:     key.ID,
--- a/app.go
+++ b/app.go
@ -168,7 +168,7 @@ func NewHeadscale(cfg *Config) (*Headscale, error) {
 		magicDNSDomains := generateMagicDNSRootDomains(app.cfg.IPPrefixes)
 		// we might have routes already from Split DNS
 		if app.cfg.DNSConfig.Routes == nil {
-			app.cfg.DNSConfig.Routes = make(map[string][]dnstype.Resolver)
+			app.cfg.DNSConfig.Routes = make(map[string][]*dnstype.Resolver)
 		}
 		for _, d := range magicDNSDomains {
 			app.cfg.DNSConfig.Routes[d.WithoutTrailingDot()] = nil
@ -657,7 +657,9 @@ func (h *Headscale) Serve() error {
 					}
 					log.Info().
 						Str("path", aclPath).
-						Msg("ACL policy successfully reloaded")
+						Msg("ACL policy successfully reloaded, notifying nodes of change")
+
+					h.setLastStateChangeToNow()
 				}

 			default:
@ -756,13 +758,25 @@ func (h *Headscale) getTLSSettings() (*tls.Config, error) {
 	}
 }

-func (h *Headscale) setLastStateChangeToNow(namespace string) {
+func (h *Headscale) setLastStateChangeToNow(namespaces ...string) {
+	var err error
+
 	now := time.Now().UTC()
-	lastStateUpdate.WithLabelValues("", "headscale").Set(float64(now.Unix()))
-	if h.lastStateChange == nil {
-		h.lastStateChange = xsync.NewMapOf[time.Time]()
+
+	if len(namespaces) == 0 {
+		namespaces, err = h.ListNamespacesStr()
+		if err != nil {
+			log.Error().Caller().Err(err).Msg("failed to fetch all namespaces, failing to update last changed state.")
+		}
+	}
+
+	for _, namespace := range namespaces {
+		lastStateUpdate.WithLabelValues(namespace, "headscale").Set(float64(now.Unix()))
+		if h.lastStateChange == nil {
+			h.lastStateChange = xsync.NewMapOf[time.Time]()
+		}
+		h.lastStateChange.Store(namespace, now)
 	}
-	h.lastStateChange.Store(namespace, now)
 }

 func (h *Headscale) getLastStateChange(namespaces ...string) time.Time {
--- a/cmd/headscale/cli/dump_config.go
+++ b/cmd/headscale/cli/dump_config.go
@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+package cli
+
+import (
+	"fmt"
+
+	"github.com/spf13/cobra"
+	"github.com/spf13/viper"
+)
+
+func init() {
+	rootCmd.AddCommand(dumpConfigCmd)
+}
+
+var dumpConfigCmd = &cobra.Command{
+	Use:    "dumpConfig",
+	Short:  "dump current config to /etc/headscale/config.dump.yaml, integration test only",
+	Hidden: true,
+	Args: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) error {
+		return nil
+	},
+	Run: func(cmd *cobra.Command, args []string) {
+		err := viper.WriteConfigAs("/etc/headscale/config.dump.yaml")
+		if err != nil {
+			//nolint
+			fmt.Println("Failed to dump config")
+		}
+	},
+}
--- a/cmd/headscale/cli/root.go
+++ b/cmd/headscale/cli/root.go
@ -3,17 +3,75 @@ package cli
 import (
 	"fmt"
 	"os"
+	"runtime"

+	"github.com/juanfont/headscale"
+	"github.com/rs/zerolog"
+	"github.com/rs/zerolog/log"
 	"github.com/spf13/cobra"
+	"github.com/tcnksm/go-latest"
 )

+var cfgFile string = ""
+
 func init() {
+	cobra.OnInitialize(initConfig)
+	rootCmd.PersistentFlags().
+		StringVarP(&cfgFile, "config", "c", "", "config file (default is /etc/headscale/config.yaml)")
 	rootCmd.PersistentFlags().
 		StringP("output", "o", "", "Output format. Empty for human-readable, 'json', 'json-line' or 'yaml'")
 	rootCmd.PersistentFlags().
 		Bool("force", false, "Disable prompts and forces the execution")
 }

+func initConfig() {
+	if cfgFile != "" {
+		err := headscale.LoadConfig(cfgFile, true)
+		if err != nil {
+			log.Fatal().Caller().Err(err)
+		}
+	} else {
+		err := headscale.LoadConfig("", false)
+		if err != nil {
+			log.Fatal().Caller().Err(err)
+		}
+	}
+
+	cfg, err := headscale.GetHeadscaleConfig()
+	if err != nil {
+		log.Fatal().Caller().Err(err)
+	}
+
+	machineOutput := HasMachineOutputFlag()
+
+	zerolog.SetGlobalLevel(cfg.LogLevel)
+
+	// If the user has requested a "machine" readable format,
+	// then disable login so the output remains valid.
+	if machineOutput {
+		zerolog.SetGlobalLevel(zerolog.Disabled)
+	}
+
+	if !cfg.DisableUpdateCheck && !machineOutput {
+		if (runtime.GOOS == "linux" || runtime.GOOS == "darwin") &&
+			Version != "dev" {
+			githubTag := &latest.GithubTag{
+				Owner:      "juanfont",
+				Repository: "headscale",
+			}
+			res, err := latest.Check(githubTag, Version)
+			if err == nil && res.Outdated {
+				//nolint
+				fmt.Printf(
+					"An updated version of Headscale has been found (%s vs. your current %s). Check it out https://github.com/juanfont/headscale/releases\n",
+					res.Current,
+					Version,
+				)
+			}
+		}
+	}
+}
+
 var rootCmd = &cobra.Command{
 	Use:   "headscale",
 	Short: "headscale - a Tailscale control server",
--- a/cmd/headscale/cli/utils.go
+++ b/cmd/headscale/cli/utils.go
@ -7,12 +7,10 @@ import (
 	"fmt"
 	"os"
 	"reflect"
-	"time"

 	"github.com/juanfont/headscale"
 	v1 "github.com/juanfont/headscale/gen/go/headscale/v1"
 	"github.com/rs/zerolog/log"
-	"github.com/spf13/viper"
 	"google.golang.org/grpc"
 	"google.golang.org/grpc/credentials"
 	"google.golang.org/grpc/credentials/insecure"
@ -29,21 +27,6 @@ func getHeadscaleApp() (*headscale.Headscale, error) {
 		return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to load configuration while creating headscale instance: %w", err)
 	}

-	// Minimum inactivity time out is keepalive timeout (60s) plus a few seconds
-	// to avoid races
-	minInactivityTimeout, _ := time.ParseDuration("65s")
-	if viper.GetDuration("ephemeral_node_inactivity_timeout") <= minInactivityTimeout {
-		// TODO: Find a better way to return this text
-		//nolint
-		err := fmt.Errorf(
-			"ephemeral_node_inactivity_timeout (%s) is set too low, must be more than %s",
-			viper.GetString("ephemeral_node_inactivity_timeout"),
-			minInactivityTimeout,
-		)
-
-		return nil, err
-	}
-
 	app, err := headscale.NewHeadscale(cfg)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, err
--- a/cmd/headscale/headscale.go
+++ b/cmd/headscale/headscale.go
@ -1,17 +1,13 @@
 package main

 import (
-	"fmt"
 	"os"
-	"runtime"
 	"time"

 	"github.com/efekarakus/termcolor"
-	"github.com/juanfont/headscale"
 	"github.com/juanfont/headscale/cmd/headscale/cli"
 	"github.com/rs/zerolog"
 	"github.com/rs/zerolog/log"
-	"github.com/tcnksm/go-latest"
 )

 func main() {
@ -43,39 +39,5 @@ func main() {
 		NoColor:    !colors,
 	})

-	cfg, err := headscale.GetHeadscaleConfig()
-	if err != nil {
-		log.Fatal().Caller().Err(err)
-	}
-
-	machineOutput := cli.HasMachineOutputFlag()
-
-	zerolog.SetGlobalLevel(cfg.LogLevel)
-
-	// If the user has requested a "machine" readable format,
-	// then disable login so the output remains valid.
-	if machineOutput {
-		zerolog.SetGlobalLevel(zerolog.Disabled)
-	}
-
-	if !cfg.DisableUpdateCheck && !machineOutput {
-		if (runtime.GOOS == "linux" || runtime.GOOS == "darwin") &&
-			cli.Version != "dev" {
-			githubTag := &latest.GithubTag{
-				Owner:      "juanfont",
-				Repository: "headscale",
-			}
-			res, err := latest.Check(githubTag, cli.Version)
-			if err == nil && res.Outdated {
-				//nolint
-				fmt.Printf(
-					"An updated version of Headscale has been found (%s vs. your current %s). Check it out https://github.com/juanfont/headscale/releases\n",
-					res.Current,
-					cli.Version,
-				)
-			}
-		}
-	}
-
 	cli.Execute()
 }
--- a/cmd/headscale/headscale_test.go
+++ b/cmd/headscale/headscale_test.go
@ -27,6 +27,51 @@ func (s *Suite) SetUpSuite(c *check.C) {
 func (s *Suite) TearDownSuite(c *check.C) {
 }

+func (*Suite) TestConfigFileLoading(c *check.C) {
+	tmpDir, err := ioutil.TempDir("", "headscale")
+	if err != nil {
+		c.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	defer os.RemoveAll(tmpDir)
+
+	path, err := os.Getwd()
+	if err != nil {
+		c.Fatal(err)
+	}
+
+	cfgFile := filepath.Join(tmpDir, "config.yaml")
+
+	// Symlink the example config file
+	err = os.Symlink(
+		filepath.Clean(path+"/../../config-example.yaml"),
+		cfgFile,
+	)
+	if err != nil {
+		c.Fatal(err)
+	}
+
+	// Load example config, it should load without validation errors
+	err = headscale.LoadConfig(cfgFile, true)
+	c.Assert(err, check.IsNil)
+
+	// Test that config file was interpreted correctly
+	c.Assert(viper.GetString("server_url"), check.Equals, "http://127.0.0.1:8080")
+	c.Assert(viper.GetString("listen_addr"), check.Equals, "0.0.0.0:8080")
+	c.Assert(viper.GetString("metrics_listen_addr"), check.Equals, "127.0.0.1:9090")
+	c.Assert(viper.GetString("db_type"), check.Equals, "sqlite3")
+	c.Assert(viper.GetString("db_path"), check.Equals, "/var/lib/headscale/db.sqlite")
+	c.Assert(viper.GetString("tls_letsencrypt_hostname"), check.Equals, "")
+	c.Assert(viper.GetString("tls_letsencrypt_listen"), check.Equals, ":http")
+	c.Assert(viper.GetString("tls_letsencrypt_challenge_type"), check.Equals, "HTTP-01")
+	c.Assert(viper.GetStringSlice("dns_config.nameservers")[0], check.Equals, "1.1.1.1")
+	c.Assert(
+		headscale.GetFileMode("unix_socket_permission"),
+		check.Equals,
+		fs.FileMode(0o770),
+	)
+	c.Assert(viper.GetBool("logtail.enabled"), check.Equals, false)
+}
+
 func (*Suite) TestConfigLoading(c *check.C) {
 	tmpDir, err := ioutil.TempDir("", "headscale")
 	if err != nil {
@ -49,7 +94,7 @@ func (*Suite) TestConfigLoading(c *check.C) {
 	}

 	// Load example config, it should load without validation errors
-	err = headscale.LoadConfig(tmpDir)
+	err = headscale.LoadConfig(tmpDir, false)
 	c.Assert(err, check.IsNil)

 	// Test that config file was interpreted correctly
@ -68,6 +113,7 @@ func (*Suite) TestConfigLoading(c *check.C) {
 		fs.FileMode(0o770),
 	)
 	c.Assert(viper.GetBool("logtail.enabled"), check.Equals, false)
+	c.Assert(viper.GetBool("randomize_client_port"), check.Equals, false)
 }

 func (*Suite) TestDNSConfigLoading(c *check.C) {
@ -92,7 +138,7 @@ func (*Suite) TestDNSConfigLoading(c *check.C) {
 	}

 	// Load example config, it should load without validation errors
-	err = headscale.LoadConfig(tmpDir)
+	err = headscale.LoadConfig(tmpDir, false)
 	c.Assert(err, check.IsNil)

 	dnsConfig, baseDomain := headscale.GetDNSConfig()
@ -125,7 +171,7 @@ func (*Suite) TestTLSConfigValidation(c *check.C) {
 	writeConfig(c, tmpDir, configYaml)

 	// Check configuration validation errors (1)
-	err = headscale.LoadConfig(tmpDir)
+	err = headscale.LoadConfig(tmpDir, false)
 	c.Assert(err, check.NotNil)
 	// check.Matches can not handle multiline strings
 	tmp := strings.ReplaceAll(err.Error(), "\n", "***")
@ -150,6 +196,6 @@ func (*Suite) TestTLSConfigValidation(c *check.C) {
 		"---\nserver_url: \"http://127.0.0.1:8080\"\ntls_letsencrypt_hostname: \"example.com\"\ntls_letsencrypt_challenge_type: \"TLS-ALPN-01\"",
 	)
 	writeConfig(c, tmpDir, configYaml)
-	err = headscale.LoadConfig(tmpDir)
+	err = headscale.LoadConfig(tmpDir, false)
 	c.Assert(err, check.IsNil)
 }
--- a/config-example.yaml
+++ b/config-example.yaml
@ -244,3 +244,8 @@ logtail:
  # As there is currently no support for overriding the log server in headscale, this is
  # disabled by default. Enabling this will make your clients send logs to Tailscale Inc.
  enabled: false
+
+# Enabling this option makes devices prefer a random port for WireGuard traffic over the
+# default static port 41641. This option is intended as a workaround for some buggy
+# firewall devices. See https://tailscale.com/kb/1181/firewalls/ for more information.
+randomize_client_port: false
--- a/config.go
+++ b/config.go
@ -54,7 +54,8 @@ type Config struct {

 	OIDC OIDCConfig

-	LogTail LogTailConfig
+	LogTail             LogTailConfig
+	RandomizeClientPort bool

 	CLI CLIConfig

@ -114,15 +115,19 @@ type ACLConfig struct {
 	PolicyPath string
 }

-func LoadConfig(path string) error {
-	viper.SetConfigName("config")
-	if path == "" {
-		viper.AddConfigPath("/etc/headscale/")
-		viper.AddConfigPath("$HOME/.headscale")
-		viper.AddConfigPath(".")
+func LoadConfig(path string, isFile bool) error {
+	if isFile {
+		viper.SetConfigFile(path)
 	} else {
-		// For testing
-		viper.AddConfigPath(path)
+		viper.SetConfigName("config")
+		if path == "" {
+			viper.AddConfigPath("/etc/headscale/")
+			viper.AddConfigPath("$HOME/.headscale")
+			viper.AddConfigPath(".")
+		} else {
+			// For testing
+			viper.AddConfigPath(path)
+		}
 	}

 	viper.SetEnvPrefix("headscale")
@ -153,8 +158,13 @@ func LoadConfig(path string) error {
 	viper.SetDefault("oidc.strip_email_domain", true)

 	viper.SetDefault("logtail.enabled", false)
+	viper.SetDefault("randomize_client_port", false)
+
+	viper.SetDefault("ephemeral_node_inactivity_timeout", "120s")

 	if err := viper.ReadInConfig(); err != nil {
+		log.Warn().Err(err).Msg("Failed to read configuration from disk")
+
 		return fmt.Errorf("fatal error reading config file: %w", err)
 	}

@ -196,6 +206,17 @@ func LoadConfig(path string) error {
 			EnforcedClientAuth)
 	}

+	// Minimum inactivity time out is keepalive timeout (60s) plus a few seconds
+	// to avoid races
+	minInactivityTimeout, _ := time.ParseDuration("65s")
+	if viper.GetDuration("ephemeral_node_inactivity_timeout") <= minInactivityTimeout {
+		errorText += fmt.Sprintf(
+			"Fatal config error: ephemeral_node_inactivity_timeout (%s) is set too low, must be more than %s",
+			viper.GetString("ephemeral_node_inactivity_timeout"),
+			minInactivityTimeout,
+		)
+	}
+
 	if errorText != "" {
 		//nolint
 		return errors.New(strings.TrimSuffix(errorText, "\n"))
@ -297,7 +318,7 @@ func GetDNSConfig() (*tailcfg.DNSConfig, string) {
 			nameserversStr := viper.GetStringSlice("dns_config.nameservers")

 			nameservers := make([]netaddr.IP, len(nameserversStr))
-			resolvers := make([]dnstype.Resolver, len(nameserversStr))
+			resolvers := make([]*dnstype.Resolver, len(nameserversStr))

 			for index, nameserverStr := range nameserversStr {
 				nameserver, err := netaddr.ParseIP(nameserverStr)
@ -309,7 +330,7 @@ func GetDNSConfig() (*tailcfg.DNSConfig, string) {
 				}

 				nameservers[index] = nameserver
-				resolvers[index] = dnstype.Resolver{
+				resolvers[index] = &dnstype.Resolver{
 					Addr: nameserver.String(),
 				}
 			}
@ -320,13 +341,13 @@ func GetDNSConfig() (*tailcfg.DNSConfig, string) {

 		if viper.IsSet("dns_config.restricted_nameservers") {
 			if len(dnsConfig.Nameservers) > 0 {
-				dnsConfig.Routes = make(map[string][]dnstype.Resolver)
+				dnsConfig.Routes = make(map[string][]*dnstype.Resolver)
 				restrictedDNS := viper.GetStringMapStringSlice(
 					"dns_config.restricted_nameservers",
 				)
 				for domain, restrictedNameservers := range restrictedDNS {
 					restrictedResolvers := make(
-						[]dnstype.Resolver,
+						[]*dnstype.Resolver,
 						len(restrictedNameservers),
 					)
 					for index, nameserverStr := range restrictedNameservers {
@ -337,7 +358,7 @@ func GetDNSConfig() (*tailcfg.DNSConfig, string) {
 								Err(err).
 								Msgf("Could not parse restricted nameserver IP: %s", nameserverStr)
 						}
-						restrictedResolvers[index] = dnstype.Resolver{
+						restrictedResolvers[index] = &dnstype.Resolver{
 							Addr: nameserver.String(),
 						}
 					}
@ -377,14 +398,10 @@ func GetDNSConfig() (*tailcfg.DNSConfig, string) {
 }

 func GetHeadscaleConfig() (*Config, error) {
-	err := LoadConfig("")
-	if err != nil {
-		return nil, err
-	}
-
 	dnsConfig, baseDomain := GetDNSConfig()
 	derpConfig := GetDERPConfig()
 	logConfig := GetLogTailConfig()
+	randomizeClientPort := viper.GetBool("randomize_client_port")

 	configuredPrefixes := viper.GetStringSlice("ip_prefixes")
 	parsedPrefixes := make([]netaddr.IPPrefix, 0, len(configuredPrefixes)+1)
@ -490,7 +507,8 @@ func GetHeadscaleConfig() (*Config, error) {
 			StripEmaildomain: viper.GetBool("oidc.strip_email_domain"),
 		},

-		LogTail: logConfig,
+		LogTail:             logConfig,
+		RandomizeClientPort: randomizeClientPort,

 		CLI: CLIConfig{
 			Address:  viper.GetString("cli.address"),
--- a/derp.go
+++ b/derp.go
@ -152,16 +152,7 @@ func (h *Headscale) scheduledDERPMapUpdateWorker(cancelChan <-chan struct{}) {
 				h.DERPMap.Regions[h.DERPServer.region.RegionID] = &h.DERPServer.region
 			}

-			namespaces, err := h.ListNamespaces()
-			if err != nil {
-				log.Error().
-					Err(err).
-					Msg("Failed to fetch namespaces")
-			}
-
-			for _, namespace := range namespaces {
-				h.setLastStateChangeToNow(namespace.Name)
-			}
+			h.setLastStateChangeToNow()
 		}
 	}
 }
--- a/dns_test.go
+++ b/dns_test.go
@ -161,7 +161,7 @@ func (s *Suite) TestDNSConfigMapResponseWithMagicDNS(c *check.C) {
 		MachineKey:     "686824e749f3b7f2a5927ee6c1e422aee5292592d9179a271ed7b3e659b44a66",
 		NodeKey:        "686824e749f3b7f2a5927ee6c1e422aee5292592d9179a271ed7b3e659b44a66",
 		DiscoKey:       "686824e749f3b7f2a5927ee6c1e422aee5292592d9179a271ed7b3e659b44a66",
-		Hostname:           "test_get_shared_nodes_1",
+		Hostname:       "test_get_shared_nodes_1",
 		NamespaceID:    namespaceShared1.ID,
 		Namespace:      *namespaceShared1,
 		RegisterMethod: RegisterMethodAuthKey,
@ -178,7 +178,7 @@ func (s *Suite) TestDNSConfigMapResponseWithMagicDNS(c *check.C) {
 		MachineKey:     "dec46ef9dc45c7d2f03bfcd5a640d9e24e3cc68ce3d9da223867c9bc6d5e9863",
 		NodeKey:        "dec46ef9dc45c7d2f03bfcd5a640d9e24e3cc68ce3d9da223867c9bc6d5e9863",
 		DiscoKey:       "dec46ef9dc45c7d2f03bfcd5a640d9e24e3cc68ce3d9da223867c9bc6d5e9863",
-		Hostname:           "test_get_shared_nodes_2",
+		Hostname:       "test_get_shared_nodes_2",
 		NamespaceID:    namespaceShared2.ID,
 		Namespace:      *namespaceShared2,
 		RegisterMethod: RegisterMethodAuthKey,
@ -195,7 +195,7 @@ func (s *Suite) TestDNSConfigMapResponseWithMagicDNS(c *check.C) {
 		MachineKey:     "dec46ef9dc45c7d2f03bfcd5a640d9e24e3cc68ce3d9da223867c9bc6d5e9863",
 		NodeKey:        "dec46ef9dc45c7d2f03bfcd5a640d9e24e3cc68ce3d9da223867c9bc6d5e9863",
 		DiscoKey:       "dec46ef9dc45c7d2f03bfcd5a640d9e24e3cc68ce3d9da223867c9bc6d5e9863",
-		Hostname:           "test_get_shared_nodes_3",
+		Hostname:       "test_get_shared_nodes_3",
 		NamespaceID:    namespaceShared3.ID,
 		Namespace:      *namespaceShared3,
 		RegisterMethod: RegisterMethodAuthKey,
@ -212,7 +212,7 @@ func (s *Suite) TestDNSConfigMapResponseWithMagicDNS(c *check.C) {
 		MachineKey:     "dec46ef9dc45c7d2f03bfcd5a640d9e24e3cc68ce3d9da223867c9bc6d5e9863",
 		NodeKey:        "dec46ef9dc45c7d2f03bfcd5a640d9e24e3cc68ce3d9da223867c9bc6d5e9863",
 		DiscoKey:       "dec46ef9dc45c7d2f03bfcd5a640d9e24e3cc68ce3d9da223867c9bc6d5e9863",
-		Hostname:           "test_get_shared_nodes_4",
+		Hostname:       "test_get_shared_nodes_4",
 		NamespaceID:    namespaceShared1.ID,
 		Namespace:      *namespaceShared1,
 		RegisterMethod: RegisterMethodAuthKey,
@ -223,7 +223,7 @@ func (s *Suite) TestDNSConfigMapResponseWithMagicDNS(c *check.C) {

 	baseDomain := "foobar.headscale.net"
 	dnsConfigOrig := tailcfg.DNSConfig{
-		Routes:  make(map[string][]dnstype.Resolver),
+		Routes:  make(map[string][]*dnstype.Resolver),
 		Domains: []string{baseDomain},
 		Proxied: true,
 	}
@ -304,7 +304,7 @@ func (s *Suite) TestDNSConfigMapResponseWithoutMagicDNS(c *check.C) {
 		MachineKey:     "686824e749f3b7f2a5927ee6c1e422aee5292592d9179a271ed7b3e659b44a66",
 		NodeKey:        "686824e749f3b7f2a5927ee6c1e422aee5292592d9179a271ed7b3e659b44a66",
 		DiscoKey:       "686824e749f3b7f2a5927ee6c1e422aee5292592d9179a271ed7b3e659b44a66",
-		Hostname:           "test_get_shared_nodes_1",
+		Hostname:       "test_get_shared_nodes_1",
 		NamespaceID:    namespaceShared1.ID,
 		Namespace:      *namespaceShared1,
 		RegisterMethod: RegisterMethodAuthKey,
@ -321,7 +321,7 @@ func (s *Suite) TestDNSConfigMapResponseWithoutMagicDNS(c *check.C) {
 		MachineKey:     "dec46ef9dc45c7d2f03bfcd5a640d9e24e3cc68ce3d9da223867c9bc6d5e9863",
 		NodeKey:        "dec46ef9dc45c7d2f03bfcd5a640d9e24e3cc68ce3d9da223867c9bc6d5e9863",
 		DiscoKey:       "dec46ef9dc45c7d2f03bfcd5a640d9e24e3cc68ce3d9da223867c9bc6d5e9863",
-		Hostname:           "test_get_shared_nodes_2",
+		Hostname:       "test_get_shared_nodes_2",
 		NamespaceID:    namespaceShared2.ID,
 		Namespace:      *namespaceShared2,
 		RegisterMethod: RegisterMethodAuthKey,
@ -338,7 +338,7 @@ func (s *Suite) TestDNSConfigMapResponseWithoutMagicDNS(c *check.C) {
 		MachineKey:     "dec46ef9dc45c7d2f03bfcd5a640d9e24e3cc68ce3d9da223867c9bc6d5e9863",
 		NodeKey:        "dec46ef9dc45c7d2f03bfcd5a640d9e24e3cc68ce3d9da223867c9bc6d5e9863",
 		DiscoKey:       "dec46ef9dc45c7d2f03bfcd5a640d9e24e3cc68ce3d9da223867c9bc6d5e9863",
-		Hostname:           "test_get_shared_nodes_3",
+		Hostname:       "test_get_shared_nodes_3",
 		NamespaceID:    namespaceShared3.ID,
 		Namespace:      *namespaceShared3,
 		RegisterMethod: RegisterMethodAuthKey,
@ -355,7 +355,7 @@ func (s *Suite) TestDNSConfigMapResponseWithoutMagicDNS(c *check.C) {
 		MachineKey:     "dec46ef9dc45c7d2f03bfcd5a640d9e24e3cc68ce3d9da223867c9bc6d5e9863",
 		NodeKey:        "dec46ef9dc45c7d2f03bfcd5a640d9e24e3cc68ce3d9da223867c9bc6d5e9863",
 		DiscoKey:       "dec46ef9dc45c7d2f03bfcd5a640d9e24e3cc68ce3d9da223867c9bc6d5e9863",
-		Hostname:           "test_get_shared_nodes_4",
+		Hostname:       "test_get_shared_nodes_4",
 		NamespaceID:    namespaceShared1.ID,
 		Namespace:      *namespaceShared1,
 		RegisterMethod: RegisterMethodAuthKey,
@ -366,7 +366,7 @@ func (s *Suite) TestDNSConfigMapResponseWithoutMagicDNS(c *check.C) {

 	baseDomain := "foobar.headscale.net"
 	dnsConfigOrig := tailcfg.DNSConfig{
-		Routes:  make(map[string][]dnstype.Resolver),
+		Routes:  make(map[string][]*dnstype.Resolver),
 		Domains: []string{baseDomain},
 		Proxied: false,
 	}
--- a/docs/README.md
+++ b/docs/README.md
@ -27,6 +27,7 @@ written by community members. It is _not_ verified by `headscale` developers.
 **It might be outdated and it might miss necessary steps**.

 - [Running headscale in a container](running-headscale-container.md)
+- [Running headscale on OpenBSD](running-headscale-openbsd.md)

 ## Misc

--- a/docs/acls.md
+++ b/docs/acls.md
@ -33,7 +33,7 @@ Note: Namespaces will be created automatically when users authenticate with the
 Headscale server.

 ACLs could be written either on [huJSON](https://github.com/tailscale/hujson)
-or Yaml. Check the [test ACLs](../tests/acls) for further information.
+or YAML. Check the [test ACLs](../tests/acls) for further information.

 When registering the servers we will need to add the flag
 `--advertised-tags=tag:<tag1>,tag:<tag2>`, and the user (namespace) that is
@ -83,8 +83,8 @@ Here are the ACL's to implement the same permissions as above:
    // boss have access to all servers
    {
      "action": "accept",
-      "users": ["group:boss"],
-      "ports": [
+      "src": ["group:boss"],
+      "dst": [
        "tag:prod-databases:*",
        "tag:prod-app-servers:*",
        "tag:internal:*",
@ -93,11 +93,12 @@ Here are the ACL's to implement the same permissions as above:
      ]
    },

-    // admin have only access to administrative ports of the servers
+    // admin have only access to administrative ports of the servers, in tcp/22
    {
      "action": "accept",
-      "users": ["group:admin"],
-      "ports": [
+      "src": ["group:admin"],
+      "proto": "tcp",
+      "dst": [
        "tag:prod-databases:22",
        "tag:prod-app-servers:22",
        "tag:internal:22",
@ -106,12 +107,26 @@ Here are the ACL's to implement the same permissions as above:
      ]
    },

+    // we also allow admin to ping the servers
+    {
+      "action": "accept",
+      "src": ["group:admin"],
+      "proto": "icmp",
+      "dst": [
+        "tag:prod-databases:*",
+        "tag:prod-app-servers:*",
+        "tag:internal:*",
+        "tag:dev-databases:*",
+        "tag:dev-app-servers:*"
+      ]
+    },
+
    // developers have access to databases servers and application servers on all ports
    // they can only view the applications servers in prod and have no access to databases servers in production
    {
      "action": "accept",
-      "users": ["group:dev"],
-      "ports": [
+      "src": ["group:dev"],
+      "dst": [
        "tag:dev-databases:*",
        "tag:dev-app-servers:*",
        "tag:prod-app-servers:80,443"
@ -124,37 +139,38 @@ Here are the ACL's to implement the same permissions as above:
    // https://github.com/juanfont/headscale/issues/502
    {
      "action": "accept",
-      "users": ["group:dev"],
-      "ports": ["10.20.0.0/16:443,5432", "router.internal:0"]
+      "src": ["group:dev"],
+      "dst": ["10.20.0.0/16:443,5432", "router.internal:0"]
    },

-    // servers should be able to talk to database. Database should not be able to initiate connections to
+    // servers should be able to talk to database in tcp/5432. Database should not be able to initiate connections to
    // applications servers
    {
      "action": "accept",
-      "users": ["tag:dev-app-servers"],
-      "ports": ["tag:dev-databases:5432"]
+      "src": ["tag:dev-app-servers"],
+      "proto": "tcp",
+      "dst": ["tag:dev-databases:5432"]
    },
    {
      "action": "accept",
-      "users": ["tag:prod-app-servers"],
-      "ports": ["tag:prod-databases:5432"]
+      "src": ["tag:prod-app-servers"],
+      "dst": ["tag:prod-databases:5432"]
    },

    // interns have access to dev-app-servers only in reading mode
    {
      "action": "accept",
-      "users": ["group:intern"],
-      "ports": ["tag:dev-app-servers:80,443"]
+      "src": ["group:intern"],
+      "dst": ["tag:dev-app-servers:80,443"]
    },

    // We still have to allow internal namespaces communications since nothing guarantees that each user have
    // their own namespaces.
-    { "action": "accept", "users": ["boss"], "ports": ["boss:*"] },
-    { "action": "accept", "users": ["dev1"], "ports": ["dev1:*"] },
-    { "action": "accept", "users": ["dev2"], "ports": ["dev2:*"] },
-    { "action": "accept", "users": ["admin1"], "ports": ["admin1:*"] },
-    { "action": "accept", "users": ["intern1"], "ports": ["intern1:*"] }
+    { "action": "accept", "src": ["boss"], "dst": ["boss:*"] },
+    { "action": "accept", "src": ["dev1"], "dst": ["dev1:*"] },
+    { "action": "accept", "src": ["dev2"], "dst": ["dev2:*"] },
+    { "action": "accept", "src": ["admin1"], "dst": ["admin1:*"] },
+    { "action": "accept", "src": ["intern1"], "dst": ["intern1:*"] }
  ]
 }
 ```
--- a/docs/running-headscale-openbsd.md
+++ b/docs/running-headscale-openbsd.md
@ -0,0 +1,206 @@
+# Running headscale on OpenBSD
+
+## Goal
+
+This documentation has the goal of showing a user how-to install and run `headscale` on OpenBSD 7.1.
+In additional to the "get up and running section", there is an optional [rc.d section](#running-headscale-in-the-background-with-rcd)
+describing how to make `headscale` run properly in a server environment.
+
+## Install `headscale`
+
+1. Install from ports (Not Recommend)
+
+   As of OpenBSD 7.1, there's a headscale in ports collection, however, it's severely outdated(v0.12.4).
+   You can install it via `pkg_add headscale`.
+
+2. Install from source on OpenBSD 7.1
+
+```shell
+# Install prerequistes
+# 1. go v1.18+: headscale newer than 0.15 needs go 1.18+ to compile
+# 2. gmake: Makefile in the headscale repo is written in GNU make syntax
+pkg_add -D snap go
+pkg_add gmake
+
+git clone https://github.com/juanfont/headscale.git
+
+cd headscale
+
+# optionally checkout a release
+# option a. you can find offical relase at https://github.com/juanfont/headscale/releases/latest
+# option b. get latest tag, this may be a beta release
+latestTag=$(git describe --tags `git rev-list --tags --max-count=1`)
+
+git checkout $latestTag
+
+gmake build
+
+# make it executable
+chmod a+x headscale
+
+# copy it to /usr/local/sbin
+cp headscale /usr/local/sbin
+```
+
+3. Install from source via cross compile
+
+```shell
+# Install prerequistes
+# 1. go v1.18+: headscale newer than 0.15 needs go 1.18+ to compile
+# 2. gmake: Makefile in the headscale repo is written in GNU make syntax
+
+git clone https://github.com/juanfont/headscale.git
+
+cd headscale
+
+# optionally checkout a release
+# option a. you can find offical relase at https://github.com/juanfont/headscale/releases/latest
+# option b. get latest tag, this may be a beta release
+latestTag=$(git describe --tags `git rev-list --tags --max-count=1`)
+
+git checkout $latestTag
+
+make build GOOS=openbsd
+
+# copy headscale to openbsd machine and put it in /usr/local/sbin
+```
+
+## Configure and run `headscale`
+
+1. Prepare a directory to hold `headscale` configuration and the [SQLite](https://www.sqlite.org/) database:
+
+```shell
+# Directory for configuration
+
+mkdir -p /etc/headscale
+
+# Directory for Database, and other variable data (like certificates)
+mkdir -p /var/lib/headscale
+```
+
+2. Create an empty SQLite database:
+
+```shell
+touch /var/lib/headscale/db.sqlite
+```
+
+3. Create a `headscale` configuration:
+
+```shell
+touch /etc/headscale/config.yaml
+```
+
+It is **strongly recommended** to copy and modify the [example configuration](../config-example.yaml)
+from the [headscale repository](../)
+
+4. Start the headscale server:
+
+```shell
+headscale serve
+```
+
+This command will start `headscale` in the current terminal session.
+
+---
+
+To continue the tutorial, open a new terminal and let it run in the background.
+Alternatively use terminal emulators like [tmux](https://github.com/tmux/tmux).
+
+To run `headscale` in the background, please follow the steps in the [rc.d section](#running-headscale-in-the-background-with-rcd) before continuing.
+
+5. Verify `headscale` is running:
+
+Verify `headscale` is available:
+
+```shell
+curl http://127.0.0.1:9090/metrics
+```
+
+6. Create a namespace ([tailnet](https://tailscale.com/kb/1136/tailnet/)):
+
+```shell
+headscale namespaces create myfirstnamespace
+```
+
+### Register a machine (normal login)
+
+On a client machine, execute the `tailscale` login command:
+
+```shell
+tailscale up --login-server YOUR_HEADSCALE_URL
+```
+
+Register the machine:
+
+```shell
+headscale --namespace myfirstnamespace nodes register --key <YOU_+MACHINE_KEY>
+```
+
+### Register machine using a pre authenticated key
+
+Generate a key using the command line:
+
+```shell
+headscale --namespace myfirstnamespace preauthkeys create --reusable --expiration 24h
+```
+
+This will return a pre-authenticated key that can be used to connect a node to `headscale` during the `tailscale` command:
+
+```shell
+tailscale up --login-server <YOUR_HEADSCALE_URL> --authkey <YOUR_AUTH_KEY>
+```
+
+## Running `headscale` in the background with rc.d
+
+This section demonstrates how to run `headscale` as a service in the background with [rc.d](https://man.openbsd.org/rc.d).
+
+1. Create a rc.d service at `/etc/rc.d/headscale` containing:
+
+```shell
+#!/bin/ksh
+
+daemon="/usr/local/sbin/headscale"
+daemon_logger="daemon.info"
+daemon_user="root"
+daemon_flags="serve"
+daemon_timeout=60
+
+. /etc/rc.d/rc.subr
+
+rc_bg=YES
+rc_reload=NO
+
+rc_cmd $1
+```
+
+2. `/etc/rc.d/headscale` needs execute permission:
+
+```shell
+chmod a+x /etc/rc.d/headscale
+```
+
+3. Start `headscale` service:
+
+```shell
+rcctl start headscale
+```
+
+4. Make `headscale` service start at boot:
+
+```shell
+rcctl enable headscale
+```
+
+5. Verify the headscale service:
+
+```shell
+rcctl check headscale
+```
+
+Verify `headscale` is available:
+
+```shell
+curl http://127.0.0.1:9090/metrics
+```
+
+`headscale` will now run in the background and start at boot.
--- a/flake.lock
+++ b/flake.lock
@ -2,11 +2,11 @@
  "nodes": {
    "flake-utils": {
      "locked": {
-        "lastModified": 1644229661,
-        "narHash": "sha256-1YdnJAsNy69bpcjuoKdOYQX0YxZBiCYZo4Twxerqv7k=",
+        "lastModified": 1653893745,
+        "narHash": "sha256-0jntwV3Z8//YwuOjzhV2sgJJPt+HY6KhU7VZUL0fKZQ=",
        "owner": "numtide",
        "repo": "flake-utils",
-        "rev": "3cecb5b042f7f209c56ffd8371b2711a290ec797",
+        "rev": "1ed9fb1935d260de5fe1c2f7ee0ebaae17ed2fa1",
        "type": "github"
      },
      "original": {
@ -17,11 +17,11 @@
    },
    "nixpkgs": {
      "locked": {
-        "lastModified": 1653733789,
-        "narHash": "sha256-VIYazYCWNvcFNns2XQkHx/mVmCZ3oebZv8W2LS1gLQE=",
+        "lastModified": 1654847188,
+        "narHash": "sha256-MC+eP7XOGE1LAswOPqdcGoUqY9mEQ3ZaaxamVTbc0hM=",
        "owner": "NixOS",
        "repo": "nixpkgs",
-        "rev": "d1086907f56c5a6c33c0c2e8dc9f42ef6988294f",
+        "rev": "8b66e3f2ebcc644b78cec9d6f152192f4e7d322f",
        "type": "github"
      },
      "original": {
--- a/flake.nix
+++ b/flake.nix
@ -24,7 +24,7 @@

              # When updating go.mod or go.sum, a new sha will need to be calculated,
              # update this if you have a mismatch after doing a change to thos files.
-              vendorSha256 = "sha256-b6qPOO/NmcXsAsSRWZlYXZKyRAF++DsL4TEZzRhQhME=";
+              vendorSha256 = "sha256-j/hI6vP92UmcexFfzCe5fkGE8QUdQdNajSxMGib175Q=";

              ldflags = [ "-s" "-w" "-X github.com/juanfont/headscale/cmd/headscale/cli.Version=v${version}" ];
            };
--- a/go.mod
+++ b/go.mod
@ -13,22 +13,24 @@ require (
 	github.com/gofrs/uuid v4.2.0+incompatible
 	github.com/grpc-ecosystem/go-grpc-middleware v1.3.0
 	github.com/grpc-ecosystem/grpc-gateway/v2 v2.10.0
-	github.com/klauspost/compress v1.15.1
+	github.com/klauspost/compress v1.15.4
 	github.com/ory/dockertest/v3 v3.8.1
 	github.com/patrickmn/go-cache v2.1.0+incompatible
 	github.com/philip-bui/grpc-zerolog v1.0.1
 	github.com/prometheus/client_golang v1.12.1
+	github.com/prometheus/common v0.32.1
 	github.com/pterm/pterm v0.12.41
+	github.com/puzpuzpuz/xsync v1.2.1
 	github.com/rs/zerolog v1.26.1
 	github.com/spf13/cobra v1.4.0
 	github.com/spf13/viper v1.11.0
 	github.com/stretchr/testify v1.7.1
-	github.com/tailscale/hujson v0.0.0-20220421170326-6583d0610064
+	github.com/tailscale/hujson v0.0.0-20220506202205-92b4b88a9e17
 	github.com/tcnksm/go-latest v0.0.0-20170313132115-e3007ae9052e
 	github.com/zsais/go-gin-prometheus v0.1.0
-	golang.org/x/crypto v0.0.0-20220411220226-7b82a4e95df4
+	golang.org/x/crypto v0.0.0-20220427172511-eb4f295cb31f
 	golang.org/x/oauth2 v0.0.0-20220411215720-9780585627b5
-	golang.org/x/sync v0.0.0-20210220032951-036812b2e83c
+	golang.org/x/sync v0.0.0-20220513210516-0976fa681c29
 	google.golang.org/genproto v0.0.0-20220422154200-b37d22cd5731
 	google.golang.org/grpc v1.46.0
 	google.golang.org/protobuf v1.28.0
@ -38,12 +40,12 @@ require (
 	gorm.io/driver/postgres v1.3.5
 	gorm.io/gorm v1.23.4
 	inet.af/netaddr v0.0.0-20211027220019-c74959edd3b6
-	tailscale.com v1.24.0
+	tailscale.com v1.26.0
 )

 require (
 	github.com/Azure/go-ansiterm v0.0.0-20170929234023-d6e3b3328b78 // indirect
-	github.com/Microsoft/go-winio v0.5.1 // indirect
+	github.com/Microsoft/go-winio v0.5.2 // indirect
 	github.com/Nvveen/Gotty v0.0.0-20120604004816-cd527374f1e5 // indirect
 	github.com/akutz/memconn v0.1.0 // indirect
 	github.com/alexbrainman/sspi v0.0.0-20210105120005-909beea2cc74 // indirect
@ -53,8 +55,8 @@ require (
 	github.com/cespare/xxhash/v2 v2.1.2 // indirect
 	github.com/containerd/continuity v0.0.0-20190827140505-75bee3e2ccb6 // indirect
 	github.com/davecgh/go-spew v1.1.1 // indirect
-	github.com/docker/cli v20.10.11+incompatible // indirect
-	github.com/docker/docker v20.10.7+incompatible // indirect
+	github.com/docker/cli v20.10.16+incompatible // indirect
+	github.com/docker/docker v20.10.16+incompatible // indirect
 	github.com/docker/go-connections v0.4.0 // indirect
 	github.com/docker/go-units v0.4.0 // indirect
 	github.com/fsnotify/fsnotify v1.5.1 // indirect
@ -65,7 +67,7 @@ require (
 	github.com/go-playground/validator/v10 v10.4.1 // indirect
 	github.com/gogo/protobuf v1.3.2 // indirect
 	github.com/golang/protobuf v1.5.2 // indirect
-	github.com/google/go-cmp v0.5.7 // indirect
+	github.com/google/go-cmp v0.5.8 // indirect
 	github.com/google/go-github v17.0.0+incompatible // indirect
 	github.com/google/go-querystring v1.1.0 // indirect
 	github.com/google/shlex v0.0.0-20191202100458-e7afc7fbc510 // indirect
@ -105,17 +107,15 @@ require (
 	github.com/moby/term v0.0.0-20201216013528-df9cb8a40635 // indirect
 	github.com/modern-go/concurrent v0.0.0-20180306012644-bacd9c7ef1dd // indirect
 	github.com/modern-go/reflect2 v1.0.2 // indirect
-	github.com/opencontainers/go-digest v1.0.0-rc1 // indirect
-	github.com/opencontainers/image-spec v1.0.2 // indirect
+	github.com/opencontainers/go-digest v1.0.0 // indirect
+	github.com/opencontainers/image-spec v1.0.3-0.20220114050600-8b9d41f48198 // indirect
 	github.com/opencontainers/runc v1.0.2 // indirect
 	github.com/pelletier/go-toml v1.9.4 // indirect
 	github.com/pelletier/go-toml/v2 v2.0.0-beta.8 // indirect
 	github.com/pkg/errors v0.9.1 // indirect
 	github.com/pmezard/go-difflib v1.0.0 // indirect
 	github.com/prometheus/client_model v0.2.0 // indirect
-	github.com/prometheus/common v0.32.1 // indirect
 	github.com/prometheus/procfs v0.7.3 // indirect
-	github.com/puzpuzpuz/xsync v1.2.1 // indirect
 	github.com/remyoudompheng/bigfft v0.0.0-20200410134404-eec4a21b6bb0 // indirect
 	github.com/rivo/uniseg v0.2.0 // indirect
 	github.com/rogpeppe/go-internal v1.8.1-0.20211023094830-115ce09fd6b4 // indirect
@ -133,8 +133,8 @@ require (
 	go4.org/intern v0.0.0-20211027215823-ae77deb06f29 // indirect
 	go4.org/mem v0.0.0-20210711025021-927187094b94 // indirect
 	go4.org/unsafe/assume-no-moving-gc v0.0.0-20211027215541-db492cf91b37 // indirect
-	golang.org/x/net v0.0.0-20220412020605-290c469a71a5 // indirect
-	golang.org/x/sys v0.0.0-20220412211240-33da011f77ad // indirect
+	golang.org/x/net v0.0.0-20220516155154-20f960328961 // indirect
+	golang.org/x/sys v0.0.0-20220513210249-45d2b4557a2a // indirect
 	golang.org/x/term v0.0.0-20220411215600-e5f449aeb171 // indirect
 	golang.org/x/text v0.3.7 // indirect
 	golang.org/x/time v0.0.0-20211116232009-f0f3c7e86c11 // indirect
--- a/go.sum
+++ b/go.sum
--- a/integration_cli_test.go
+++ b/integration_cli_test.go
@ -1721,3 +1721,43 @@ func (s *IntegrationCLITestSuite) TestNodeMoveCommand() {

 	assert.Equal(s.T(), machine.Namespace, oldNamespace)
 }
+
+func (s *IntegrationCLITestSuite) TestLoadConfigFromCommand() {
+	// TODO: make sure defaultConfig is not same as altConfig
+	defaultConfig, err := os.ReadFile("integration_test/etc/config.dump.gold.yaml")
+	assert.Nil(s.T(), err)
+	altConfig, err := os.ReadFile("integration_test/etc/alt-config.dump.gold.yaml")
+	assert.Nil(s.T(), err)
+
+	_, err = ExecuteCommand(
+		&s.headscale,
+		[]string{
+			"headscale",
+			"dumpConfig",
+		},
+		[]string{},
+	)
+	assert.Nil(s.T(), err)
+
+	defaultDumpConfig, err := os.ReadFile("integration_test/etc/config.dump.yaml")
+	assert.Nil(s.T(), err)
+
+	assert.YAMLEq(s.T(), string(defaultConfig), string(defaultDumpConfig))
+
+	_, err = ExecuteCommand(
+		&s.headscale,
+		[]string{
+			"headscale",
+			"-c",
+			"/etc/headscale/alt-config.yaml",
+			"dumpConfig",
+		},
+		[]string{},
+	)
+	assert.Nil(s.T(), err)
+
+	altDumpConfig, err := os.ReadFile("integration_test/etc/config.dump.yaml")
+	assert.Nil(s.T(), err)
+
+	assert.YAMLEq(s.T(), string(altConfig), string(altDumpConfig))
+}
--- a/integration_common_test.go
+++ b/integration_common_test.go
@ -25,7 +25,8 @@ var (
 	tailscaleVersions = []string{
 		"head",
 		"unstable",
-		"1.24.0",
+		"1.26.0",
+		"1.24.2",
 		"1.22.2",
 		"1.20.4",
 		"1.18.2",
--- a/integration_test/etc/alt-config.dump.gold.yaml
+++ b/integration_test/etc/alt-config.dump.gold.yaml
@ -0,0 +1,46 @@
+acl_policy_path: ""
+cli:
+  insecure: false
+  timeout: 5s
+db_path: /tmp/integration_test_db.sqlite3
+db_type: sqlite3
+derp:
+  auto_update_enabled: false
+  server:
+    enabled: false
+    stun:
+      enabled: true
+  update_frequency: 1m
+  urls:
+    - https://controlplane.tailscale.com/derpmap/default
+dns_config:
+  base_domain: headscale.net
+  domains: []
+  magic_dns: true
+  nameservers:
+    - 1.1.1.1
+ephemeral_node_inactivity_timeout: 30m
+grpc_allow_insecure: false
+grpc_listen_addr: :50443
+ip_prefixes:
+  - fd7a:115c:a1e0::/48
+  - 100.64.0.0/10
+listen_addr: 0.0.0.0:18080
+log_level: disabled
+logtail:
+  enabled: false
+metrics_listen_addr: 127.0.0.1:19090
+oidc:
+  scope:
+    - openid
+    - profile
+    - email
+  strip_email_domain: true
+private_key_path: private.key
+server_url: http://headscale:18080
+tls_client_auth_mode: relaxed
+tls_letsencrypt_cache_dir: /var/www/.cache
+tls_letsencrypt_challenge_type: HTTP-01
+unix_socket: /var/run/headscale.sock
+unix_socket_permission: "0o770"
+randomize_client_port: false
--- a/integration_test/etc/alt-config.yaml
+++ b/integration_test/etc/alt-config.yaml
@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+log_level: trace
+acl_policy_path: ""
+db_type: sqlite3
+ephemeral_node_inactivity_timeout: 30m
+ip_prefixes:
+  - fd7a:115c:a1e0::/48
+  - 100.64.0.0/10
+dns_config:
+  base_domain: headscale.net
+  magic_dns: true
+  domains: []
+  nameservers:
+    - 1.1.1.1
+db_path: /tmp/integration_test_db.sqlite3
+private_key_path: private.key
+listen_addr: 0.0.0.0:18080
+metrics_listen_addr: 127.0.0.1:19090
+server_url: http://headscale:18080
+
+derp:
+  urls:
+    - https://controlplane.tailscale.com/derpmap/default
+  auto_update_enabled: false
+  update_frequency: 1m
--- a/integration_test/etc/config.dump.gold.yaml
+++ b/integration_test/etc/config.dump.gold.yaml
@ -0,0 +1,46 @@
+acl_policy_path: ""
+cli:
+  insecure: false
+  timeout: 5s
+db_path: /tmp/integration_test_db.sqlite3
+db_type: sqlite3
+derp:
+  auto_update_enabled: false
+  server:
+    enabled: false
+    stun:
+      enabled: true
+  update_frequency: 1m
+  urls:
+    - https://controlplane.tailscale.com/derpmap/default
+dns_config:
+  base_domain: headscale.net
+  domains: []
+  magic_dns: true
+  nameservers:
+    - 1.1.1.1
+ephemeral_node_inactivity_timeout: 30m
+grpc_allow_insecure: false
+grpc_listen_addr: :50443
+ip_prefixes:
+  - fd7a:115c:a1e0::/48
+  - 100.64.0.0/10
+listen_addr: 0.0.0.0:8080
+log_level: disabled
+logtail:
+  enabled: false
+metrics_listen_addr: 127.0.0.1:9090
+oidc:
+  scope:
+    - openid
+    - profile
+    - email
+  strip_email_domain: true
+private_key_path: private.key
+server_url: http://headscale:8080
+tls_client_auth_mode: relaxed
+tls_letsencrypt_cache_dir: /var/www/.cache
+tls_letsencrypt_challenge_type: HTTP-01
+unix_socket: /var/run/headscale.sock
+unix_socket_permission: "0o770"
+randomize_client_port: false
--- a/machine.go
+++ b/machine.go
@ -637,6 +637,10 @@ func (machine Machine) toNode(

 	hostInfo := machine.GetHostInfo()

+	// A node is Online if it is connected to the control server,
+	// and we now we update LastSeen every keepAliveInterval duration at least.
+	online := machine.LastSeen.After(time.Now().Add(-keepAliveInterval))
+
 	node := tailcfg.Node{
 		ID: tailcfg.NodeID(machine.ID), // this is the actual ID
 		StableID: tailcfg.StableNodeID(
@ -653,6 +657,7 @@ func (machine Machine) toNode(
 		Endpoints:  machine.Endpoints,
 		DERP:       derp,

+		Online:   &online,
 		Hostinfo: hostInfo.View(),
 		Created:  machine.CreatedAt,
 		LastSeen: machine.LastSeen,
--- a/machine_test.go
+++ b/machine_test.go
@ -188,8 +188,8 @@ func (s *Suite) TestGetACLFilteredPeers(c *check.C) {
 		Hosts:     map[string]netaddr.IPPrefix{},
 		TagOwners: map[string][]string{},
 		ACLs: []ACL{
-			{Action: "accept", Users: []string{"admin"}, Ports: []string{"*:*"}},
-			{Action: "accept", Users: []string{"test"}, Ports: []string{"test:*"}},
+			{Action: "accept", Sources: []string{"admin"}, Destinations: []string{"*:*"}},
+			{Action: "accept", Sources: []string{"test"}, Destinations: []string{"test:*"}},
 		},
 		Tests: []ACLTest{},
 	}
--- a/namespaces.go
+++ b/namespaces.go
@ -148,6 +148,21 @@ func (h *Headscale) ListNamespaces() ([]Namespace, error) {
 	return namespaces, nil
 }

+func (h *Headscale) ListNamespacesStr() ([]string, error) {
+	namespaces, err := h.ListNamespaces()
+	if err != nil {
+		return []string{}, err
+	}
+
+	namespaceStrs := make([]string, len(namespaces))
+
+	for index, namespace := range namespaces {
+		namespaceStrs[index] = namespace.Name
+	}
+
+	return namespaceStrs, nil
+}
+
 // ListMachinesInNamespace gets all the nodes in a given namespace.
 func (h *Headscale) ListMachinesInNamespace(name string) ([]Machine, error) {
 	err := CheckForFQDNRules(name)
--- a/tests/acls/acl_policy_1.hujson
+++ b/tests/acls/acl_policy_1.hujson
@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 {
    // Declare static groups of users beyond those in the identity service.
-    "Groups": {
+    "groups": {
        "group:example": [
            "user1@example.com",
            "user2@example.com",
@ -11,12 +11,12 @@
        ],
    },
    // Declare hostname aliases to use in place of IP addresses or subnets.
-    "Hosts": {
+    "hosts": {
        "example-host-1": "100.100.100.100",
        "example-host-2": "100.100.101.100/24",
    },
    // Define who is allowed to use which tags.
-    "TagOwners": {
+    "tagOwners": {
        // Everyone in the montreal-admins or global-admins group are
        // allowed to tag servers as montreal-webserver.
        "tag:montreal-webserver": [
@ -29,17 +29,17 @@
        ],
    },
    // Access control lists.
-    "ACLs": [
+    "acls": [
        // Engineering users, plus the president, can access port 22 (ssh)
        // and port 3389 (remote desktop protocol) on all servers, and all
        // ports on git-server or ci-server.
        {
-            "Action": "accept",
-            "Users": [
+            "action": "accept",
+            "src": [
                "group:example2",
                "192.168.1.0/24"
            ],
-            "Ports": [
+            "dst": [
                "*:22,3389",
                "git-server:*",
                "ci-server:*"
@ -48,22 +48,22 @@
        // Allow engineer users to access any port on a device tagged with
        // tag:production.
        {
-            "Action": "accept",
-            "Users": [
+            "action": "accept",
+            "src": [
                "group:example"
            ],
-            "Ports": [
+            "dst": [
                "tag:production:*"
            ],
        },
        // Allow servers in the my-subnet host and 192.168.1.0/24 to access hosts
        // on both networks.
        {
-            "Action": "accept",
-            "Users": [
+            "action": "accept",
+            "src": [
                "example-host-2", 
            ],
-            "Ports": [
+            "dst": [
                "example-host-1:*",
                "192.168.1.0/24:*"
            ],
@ -72,22 +72,22 @@
        // Comment out this section if you want to define specific ACL
        // restrictions above.
        {
-            "Action": "accept",
-            "Users": [
+            "action": "accept",
+            "src": [
                "*"
            ],
-            "Ports": [
+            "dst": [
                "*:*"
            ],
        },
        // All users in Montreal are allowed to access the Montreal web
        // servers.
        {
-            "Action": "accept",
-            "Users": [
+            "action": "accept",
+            "src": [
                "example-host-1"
            ],
-            "Ports": [
+            "dst": [
                "tag:montreal-webserver:80,443"
            ],
        },
@ -96,30 +96,30 @@
        // In contrast, this doesn't grant API servers the right to initiate
        // any connections.
        {
-            "Action": "accept",
-            "Users": [
+            "action": "accept",
+            "src": [
                "tag:montreal-webserver"
            ],
-            "Ports": [
+            "dst": [
                "tag:api-server:443"
            ],
        },
    ],
    // Declare tests to check functionality of ACL rules
-    "Tests": [
+    "tests": [
        {
-            "User": "user1@example.com",
-            "Allow": [
+            "src": "user1@example.com",
+            "accept": [
                "example-host-1:22",
                "example-host-2:80"
            ],
-            "Deny": [
+            "deny": [
                "exapmle-host-2:100"
            ],
        },
        {
-            "User": "user2@example.com",
-            "Allow": [
+            "src": "user2@example.com",
+            "accept": [
                "100.60.3.4:22"
            ],
        },
--- a/tests/acls/acl_policy_basic_1.hujson
+++ b/tests/acls/acl_policy_basic_1.hujson
@ -3,19 +3,19 @@


 {
-    "Hosts": {
+    "hosts": {
        "host-1": "100.100.100.100",
        "subnet-1": "100.100.101.100/24",
    },

-    "ACLs": [
+    "acls": [
        {
-            "Action": "accept",
-            "Users": [
+            "action": "accept",
+            "src": [
                "subnet-1",
                "192.168.1.0/24"
            ],
-            "Ports": [
+            "dst": [
                "*:22,3389",
                "host-1:*",
            ],
--- a/tests/acls/acl_policy_basic_groups.hujson
+++ b/tests/acls/acl_policy_basic_groups.hujson
@ -1,24 +1,24 @@
 // This ACL is used to test group expansion

 {
-    "Groups": {
+    "groups": {
        "group:example": [
            "testnamespace",
        ],
    },

-    "Hosts": {
+    "hosts": {
        "host-1": "100.100.100.100",
        "subnet-1": "100.100.101.100/24",
    },

-    "ACLs": [
+    "acls": [
        {
-            "Action": "accept",
-            "Users": [
+            "action": "accept",
+            "src": [
                "group:example",
            ],
-            "Ports": [
+            "dst": [
                "host-1:*",
            ],
        },
--- a/tests/acls/acl_policy_basic_namespace_as_user.hujson
+++ b/tests/acls/acl_policy_basic_namespace_as_user.hujson
@ -1,18 +1,18 @@
 // This ACL is used to test namespace expansion

 {
-    "Hosts": {
+    "hosts": {
        "host-1": "100.100.100.100",
        "subnet-1": "100.100.101.100/24",
    },

-    "ACLs": [
+    "acls": [
        {
-            "Action": "accept",
-            "Users": [
+            "action": "accept",
+            "src": [
                "testnamespace",
            ],
-            "Ports": [
+            "dst": [
                "host-1:*",
            ],
        },
--- a/tests/acls/acl_policy_basic_protocols.hujson
+++ b/tests/acls/acl_policy_basic_protocols.hujson
@ -0,0 +1,41 @@
+// This ACL is used to test wildcards
+
+{
+    "hosts": {
+        "host-1": "100.100.100.100",
+        "subnet-1": "100.100.101.100/24",
+    },
+
+    "acls": [
+        {
+            "Action": "accept",
+            "src": [
+                "*",
+            ],
+            "proto": "tcp",
+            "dst": [
+                "host-1:*",
+            ],
+        },
+        {
+            "Action": "accept",
+            "src": [
+                "*",
+            ],
+            "proto": "udp",
+            "dst": [
+                "host-1:53",
+            ],
+        },
+        {
+            "Action": "accept",
+            "src": [
+                "*",
+            ],
+            "proto": "icmp",
+            "dst": [
+                "host-1:*",
+            ],
+        },
+    ],
+}
--- a/tests/acls/acl_policy_basic_range.hujson
+++ b/tests/acls/acl_policy_basic_range.hujson
@ -1,18 +1,18 @@
 // This ACL is used to test the port range expansion

 {
-    "Hosts": {
+    "hosts": {
        "host-1": "100.100.100.100",
        "subnet-1": "100.100.101.100/24",
    },

-    "ACLs": [
+    "acls": [
        {
-            "Action": "accept",
-            "Users": [
+            "action": "accept",
+            "src": [
                "subnet-1",
            ],
-            "Ports": [
+            "dst": [
                "host-1:5400-5500",
            ],
        },
--- a/tests/acls/acl_policy_basic_wildcards.hujson
+++ b/tests/acls/acl_policy_basic_wildcards.hujson
@ -1,18 +1,18 @@
 // This ACL is used to test wildcards

 {
-    "Hosts": {
+    "hosts": {
        "host-1": "100.100.100.100",
        "subnet-1": "100.100.101.100/24",
    },

-    "ACLs": [
+    "acls": [
        {
            "Action": "accept",
-            "Users": [
+            "src": [
                "*",
            ],
-            "Ports": [
+            "dst": [
                "host-1:*",
            ],
        },
--- a/tests/acls/acl_policy_basic_wildcards.yaml
+++ b/tests/acls/acl_policy_basic_wildcards.yaml
@ -1,10 +1,10 @@
 ---
-Hosts:
+hosts:
  host-1: 100.100.100.100/32
  subnet-1: 100.100.101.100/24
-ACLs:
-  - Action: accept
-    Users:
+acls:
+  - action: accept
+    src:
      - "*"
-    Ports:
+    dst:
      - host-1:*
--- a/tests/acls/acl_policy_invalid.hujson
+++ b/tests/acls/acl_policy_invalid.hujson
@ -1,18 +1,18 @@
 {
    // Declare static groups of users beyond those in the identity service.
-    "Groups": {
+    "groups": {
        "group:example": [
            "user1@example.com",
            "user2@example.com",
        ],
    },
    // Declare hostname aliases to use in place of IP addresses or subnets.
-    "Hosts": {
+    "hosts": {
        "example-host-1": "100.100.100.100",
        "example-host-2": "100.100.101.100/24",
    },
    // Define who is allowed to use which tags.
-    "TagOwners": {
+    "tagOwners": {
        // Everyone in the montreal-admins or global-admins group are
        // allowed to tag servers as montreal-webserver.
        "tag:montreal-webserver": [
@ -26,17 +26,17 @@
        ],
    },
    // Access control lists.
-    "ACLs": [
+    "acls": [
        // Engineering users, plus the president, can access port 22 (ssh)
        // and port 3389 (remote desktop protocol) on all servers, and all
        // ports on git-server or ci-server.
        {
-            "Action": "accept",
-            "Users": [
+            "action": "accept",
+            "src": [
                "group:engineering",
                "president@example.com"
            ],
-            "Ports": [
+            "dst": [
                "*:22,3389",
                "git-server:*",
                "ci-server:*"
@ -45,23 +45,23 @@
        // Allow engineer users to access any port on a device tagged with
        // tag:production.
        {
-            "Action": "accept",
-            "Users": [
+            "action": "accept",
+            "src": [
                "group:engineers"
            ],
-            "Ports": [
+            "dst": [
                "tag:production:*"
            ],
        },
        // Allow servers in the my-subnet host and 192.168.1.0/24 to access hosts
        // on both networks.
        {
-            "Action": "accept",
-            "Users": [
+            "action": "accept",
+            "src": [
                "my-subnet",
                "192.168.1.0/24"
            ],
-            "Ports": [
+            "dst": [
                "my-subnet:*",
                "192.168.1.0/24:*"
            ],
@ -70,22 +70,22 @@
        // Comment out this section if you want to define specific ACL
        // restrictions above.
        {
-            "Action": "accept",
-            "Users": [
+            "action": "accept",
+            "src": [
                "*"
            ],
-            "Ports": [
+            "dst": [
                "*:*"
            ],
        },
        // All users in Montreal are allowed to access the Montreal web
        // servers.
        {
-            "Action": "accept",
-            "Users": [
+            "action": "accept",
+            "src": [
                "group:montreal-users"
            ],
-            "Ports": [
+            "dst": [
                "tag:montreal-webserver:80,443"
            ],
        },
@ -94,30 +94,30 @@
        // In contrast, this doesn't grant API servers the right to initiate
        // any connections.
        {
-            "Action": "accept",
-            "Users": [
+            "action": "accept",
+            "src": [
                "tag:montreal-webserver"
            ],
-            "Ports": [
+            "dst": [
                "tag:api-server:443"
            ],
        },
    ],
    // Declare tests to check functionality of ACL rules
-    "Tests": [
+    "tests": [
        {
-            "User": "user1@example.com",
-            "Allow": [
+            "src": "user1@example.com",
+            "accept": [
                "example-host-1:22",
                "example-host-2:80"
            ],
-            "Deny": [
+            "deny": [
                "exapmle-host-2:100"
            ],
        },
        {
-            "User": "user2@example.com",
-            "Allow": [
+            "src": "user2@example.com",
+            "accept": [
                "100.60.3.4:22"
            ],
        },
--- a/utils.go
+++ b/utils.go
@ -325,11 +325,17 @@ func GenerateRandomStringURLSafe(n int) (string, error) {
 // number generator fails to function correctly, in which
 // case the caller should not continue.
 func GenerateRandomStringDNSSafe(n int) (string, error) {
-	str, err := GenerateRandomStringURLSafe(n)
+	var str string
+	var err error
+	for len(str) < n {
+		str, err = GenerateRandomStringURLSafe(n)
+		if err != nil {
+			return "", err
+		}
+		str = strings.ToLower(strings.ReplaceAll(strings.ReplaceAll(str, "_", ""), "-", ""))
+	}

-	str = strings.ToLower(strings.ReplaceAll(strings.ReplaceAll(str, "_", ""), "-", ""))
-
-	return str[:n], err
+	return str[:n], nil
 }

 func IsStringInSlice(slice []string, str string) bool {
--- a/utils_test.go
+++ b/utils_test.go
@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ func (s *Suite) TestGetUsedIps(c *check.C) {
 		MachineKey:     "foo",
 		NodeKey:        "bar",
 		DiscoKey:       "faa",
-		Hostname:           "testmachine",
+		Hostname:       "testmachine",
 		NamespaceID:    namespace.ID,
 		RegisterMethod: RegisterMethodAuthKey,
 		AuthKeyID:      uint(pak.ID),
@ -82,7 +82,7 @@ func (s *Suite) TestGetMultiIp(c *check.C) {
 			MachineKey:     "foo",
 			NodeKey:        "bar",
 			DiscoKey:       "faa",
-			Hostname:           "testmachine",
+			Hostname:       "testmachine",
 			NamespaceID:    namespace.ID,
 			RegisterMethod: RegisterMethodAuthKey,
 			AuthKeyID:      uint(pak.ID),
@ -172,7 +172,7 @@ func (s *Suite) TestGetAvailableIpMachineWithoutIP(c *check.C) {
 		MachineKey:     "foo",
 		NodeKey:        "bar",
 		DiscoKey:       "faa",
-		Hostname:           "testmachine",
+		Hostname:       "testmachine",
 		NamespaceID:    namespace.ID,
 		RegisterMethod: RegisterMethodAuthKey,
 		AuthKeyID:      uint(pak.ID),
@ -185,3 +185,15 @@ func (s *Suite) TestGetAvailableIpMachineWithoutIP(c *check.C) {
 	c.Assert(len(ips2), check.Equals, 1)
 	c.Assert(ips2[0].String(), check.Equals, expected.String())
 }
+
+func (s *Suite) TestGenerateRandomStringDNSSafe(c *check.C) {
+	for i := 0; i < 100000; i++ {
+		str, err := GenerateRandomStringDNSSafe(8)
+		if err != nil {
+			c.Error(err)
+		}
+		if len(str) != 8 {
+			c.Error("invalid length", len(str), str)
+		}
+	}
+}