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Code Issues Projects Releases Wiki Activity

Restructure headscale documentation (#2163)

Browse Source 
* Setup mkdocs-redirects

* Restructure existing documentation

* Move client OS support into the documentation

* Move existing Client OS support table into its own documentation page
* Link from README.md to the rendered documentation
* Document minimum Tailscale client version

* Reuse CONTRIBUTING.md" in the documentation

* Include "CONTRIBUTING.md" from the repository root
* Update FAQ and index page and link to the contributing docs

* Add configuration reference

* Add a getting started page and explain the first steps with headscale

* Use the existing "Using headscale" sections and combine them into a
  single getting started guide with a little bit more explanation.
* Explain how to get help from the command line client.
* Remove duplicated sections from existing installation guides

* Document requirements and assumptions

* Document packages provided by the community

* Move deb install guide to official releases

* Move manual install guide to official releases

* Move container documentation to setup section

* Move sealos documentation to cloud install page

* Move OpenBSD docs to build from source

* Simplify DNS documentation

* Add sponsor page

* Add releases page

* Add features page

* Add help page

* Add upgrading page

* Adjust mkdocs nav

* Update wording

Use the term headscale for the project, Headscale on the beginning of a
sentence and `headscale` when refering to the CLI.

* Welcome to headscale

* Link to existing documentation in the FAQ

* Remove the goal header and use the text as opener

* Indent code block in OIDC

* Make a few pages linter compatible

Also update ignored files for prettier

* Recommend HTTPS on port 443

Fixes: #2164

* Use hosts in acl documentation

thx @efficacy38 for noticing this

Ref: #1863

* Use mkdocs-macros to set headscale version once
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@ -1,6 +1,2 @@
.github/workflows/test-integration-v2*
docs/dns-records.md
docs/running-headscale-container.md
docs/running-headscale-linux-manual.md
docs/running-headscale-linux.md
docs/running-headscale-openbsd.md
docs/about/features.md

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@ -46,31 +46,11 @@ buttons available in the repo.
## Features
- Full "base" support of Tailscale's features
- Configurable DNS
- [Split DNS](https://tailscale.com/kb/1054/dns/#using-dns-settings-in-the-admin-console)
- Node registration
- Single-Sign-On (via Open ID Connect)
- Pre authenticated key
- Taildrop (File Sharing)
- [Access control lists](https://tailscale.com/kb/1018/acls/)
- [MagicDNS](https://tailscale.com/kb/1081/magicdns)
- Dual stack (IPv4 and IPv6)
- Routing advertising (including exit nodes)
- Ephemeral nodes
- Embedded [DERP server](https://tailscale.com/blog/how-tailscale-works/#encrypted-tcp-relays-derp)
Please see ["Features" in the documentation](https://headscale.net/about/features/).
## Client OS support
| OS | Supports headscale |
| ------- | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Linux | Yes |
| OpenBSD | Yes |
| FreeBSD | Yes |
| Windows | Yes (see [docs](./docs/windows-client.md) and `/windows` on your headscale for more information) |
| Android | Yes (see [docs](./docs/android-client.md)) |
| macOS | Yes (see [docs](./docs/apple-client.md#macos) and `/apple` on your headscale for more information) |
| iOS | Yes (see [docs](./docs/apple-client.md#ios) and `/apple` on your headscale for more information) |
Please see ["Client and operating system support" in the documentation](https://headscale.net/about/clients/).
## Running headscale
@ -99,7 +79,7 @@ Please read the [CONTRIBUTING.md](./CONTRIBUTING.md) file.
### Requirements
To contribute to headscale you would need the latest version of [Go](https://golang.org)
and [Buf](https://buf.build)(Protobuf generator).
and [Buf](https://buf.build) (Protobuf generator).
We recommend using [Nix](https://nixos.org/) to setup a development environment. This can
be done with `nix develop`, which will install the tools and give you a shell.

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@ -209,7 +209,7 @@ tls_letsencrypt_cache_dir: /var/lib/headscale/cache
# Type of ACME challenge to use, currently supported types:
# HTTP-01 or TLS-ALPN-01
# See [docs/tls.md](docs/tls.md) for more information
# See: docs/ref/tls.md for more information
tls_letsencrypt_challenge_type: HTTP-01
# When HTTP-01 challenge is chosen, letsencrypt must set up a
# verification endpoint, and it will be listening on:
@ -297,7 +297,7 @@ dns:
# Extra DNS records
# so far only A-records are supported (on the tailscale side)
# See https://github.com/juanfont/headscale/blob/main/docs/dns-records.md#Limitations
# See: docs/ref/dns.md
extra_records: []
# - name: "grafana.myvpn.example.com"
# type: "A"

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@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
# Client and operating system support
We aim to support the [**last 10 releases** of the Tailscale client](https://tailscale.com/changelog#client) on all
provided operating systems and platforms. Some platforms might require additional configuration to connect with
headscale.
| OS | Supports headscale |
| ------- | ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Linux | Yes |
| OpenBSD | Yes |
| FreeBSD | Yes |
| Windows | Yes (see [docs](../usage/connect/windows.md) and `/windows` on your headscale for more information) |
| Android | Yes (see [docs](../usage/connect/android.md)) |
| macOS | Yes (see [docs](../usage/connect/apple.md#macos) and `/apple` on your headscale for more information) |
| iOS | Yes (see [docs](../usage/connect/apple.md#ios) and `/apple` on your headscale for more information) |

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@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
{%
include-markdown "../../CONTRIBUTING.md"
%}

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@ -1,15 +1,10 @@
---
hide:
- navigation
---
# Frequently Asked Questions
## What is the design goal of headscale?
`headscale` aims to implement a self-hosted, open source alternative to the [Tailscale](https://tailscale.com/)
Headscale aims to implement a self-hosted, open source alternative to the [Tailscale](https://tailscale.com/)
control server.
`headscale`'s goal is to provide self-hosters and hobbyists with an open-source
Headscale's goal is to provide self-hosters and hobbyists with an open-source
server they can use for their projects and labs.
It implements a narrow scope, a _single_ Tailnet, suitable for a personal use, or a small
open-source organisation.
@ -19,9 +14,7 @@ open-source organisation.
Headscale is "Open Source, acknowledged contribution", this means that any
contribution will have to be discussed with the Maintainers before being submitted.
Headscale is open to code contributions for bug fixes without discussion.
If you find mistakes in the documentation, please also submit a fix to the documentation.
Please see [Contributing](contributing.md) for more information.
## Why is 'acknowledged contribution' the chosen model?
@ -39,18 +32,22 @@ Please be aware that there are a number of reasons why we might not accept speci
- Given that we are reverse-engineering Tailscale to satisfy our own curiosity, we might be interested in implementing the feature ourselves.
- You are not sending unit and integration tests with it.
## Do you support Y method of deploying Headscale?
## Do you support Y method of deploying headscale?
We currently support deploying `headscale` using our binaries and the DEB packages. Both can be found in the
[GitHub releases page](https://github.com/juanfont/headscale/releases).
We currently support deploying headscale using our binaries and the DEB packages. Visit our [installation guide using
official releases](../setup/install/official.md) for more information.
In addition to that, there are semi-official RPM packages by the Fedora infra team https://copr.fedorainfracloud.org/coprs/jonathanspw/headscale/
In addition to that, you may use packages provided by the community or from distributions. Learn more in the
[installation guide using community packages](../setup/install/community.md).
For convenience, we also build Docker images with `headscale`. But **please be aware that we don't officially support deploying `headscale` using Docker**. We have a [Discord channel](https://discord.com/channels/896711691637780480/1070619770942148618) where you can ask for Docker-specific help to the community.
For convenience, we also [build Docker images with headscale](../setup/install/container.md). But **please be aware that
we don't officially support deploying headscale using Docker**. We have a [Discord
channel](https://discord.com/channels/896711691637780480/1070619770942148618) where you can ask for Docker-specific help
to the community.
## Why is my reverse proxy not working with Headscale?
## Why is my reverse proxy not working with headscale?
We don't know. We don't use reverse proxies with `headscale` ourselves, so we don't have any experience with them. We have [community documentation](https://headscale.net/reverse-proxy/) on how to configure various reverse proxies, and a dedicated [Discord channel](https://discord.com/channels/896711691637780480/1070619818346164324) where you can ask for help to the community.
We don't know. We don't use reverse proxies with headscale ourselves, so we don't have any experience with them. We have [community documentation](../ref/integration/reverse-proxy.md) on how to configure various reverse proxies, and a dedicated [Discord channel](https://discord.com/channels/896711691637780480/1070619818346164324) where you can ask for help to the community.
## Can I use headscale and tailscale on the same machine?

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# Features
Headscale aims to implement a self-hosted, open source alternative to the Tailscale control server. Headscale's goal is
to provide self-hosters and hobbyists with an open-source server they can use for their projects and labs. This page
provides on overview of headscale's feature and compatibility with the Tailscale control server:
- [x] Full "base" support of Tailscale's features
- [x] Node registration
- [x] Interactive
- [x] Pre authenticated key
- [x] [DNS](https://tailscale.com/kb/1054/dns)
- [x] [MagicDNS](https://tailscale.com/kb/1081/magicdns)
- [x] [Global and restricted nameservers (split DNS)](https://tailscale.com/kb/1054/dns#nameservers)
- [x] [search domains](https://tailscale.com/kb/1054/dns#search-domains)
- [x] [Extra DNS records (headscale only)](../ref/dns.md#setting-custom-dns-records)
- [x] [Taildrop (File Sharing)](https://tailscale.com/kb/1106/taildrop)
- [x] Routing advertising (including exit nodes)
- [x] Dual stack (IPv4 and IPv6)
- [x] Ephemeral nodes
- [x] Embedded [DERP server](https://tailscale.com/kb/1232/derp-servers)
- [x] Access control lists ([GitHub label "policy"](https://github.com/juanfont/headscale/labels/policy%20%F0%9F%93%9D))
- [x] ACL management via API
- [x] `autogroup:internet`
- [ ] `autogroup:self`
- [ ] `autogroup:member`
* [ ] Node registration using Single-Sign-On (OpenID Connect) ([GitHub label "OIDC"](https://github.com/juanfont/headscale/labels/OIDC))
- [x] Basic registration
- [ ] Dynamic ACL support
- [ ] OIDC groups cannot be used in ACLs
- [ ] [Funnel](https://tailscale.com/kb/1223/funnel) ([#1040](https://github.com/juanfont/headscale/issues/1040))
- [ ] [Serve](https://tailscale.com/kb/1312/serve) ([#1234](https://github.com/juanfont/headscale/issues/1921))

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# Getting help
Join our Discord server for announcements and community support:
- [announcements](https://discord.com/channels/896711691637780480/896711692120129538)
- [general](https://discord.com/channels/896711691637780480/896711692120129540)
- [docker-issues](https://discord.com/channels/896711691637780480/1070619770942148618)
- [reverse-proxy-issues](https://discord.com/channels/896711691637780480/1070619818346164324)
- [web-interfaces](https://discord.com/channels/896711691637780480/1105842846386356294)
Please report bugs via [GitHub issues](https://github.com/juanfont/headscale/issues)

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# Releases
All headscale releases are available on the [GitHub release page](https://github.com/juanfont/headscale/releases). Those
releases are available as binaries for various platforms and architectures, packages for Debian based systems and source
code archives. Container images are available on [Docker Hub](https://hub.docker.com/r/headscale/headscale).
An Atom/RSS feed of headscale releases is available [here](https://github.com/juanfont/headscale/releases.atom).
Join the ["announcements" channel on Discord](https://discord.com/channels/896711691637780480/896711692120129538) for
news about headscale.

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@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
# Sponsor
If you like to support the development of headscale, please consider a donation via
[ko-fi.com/headscale](https://ko-fi.com/headscale). Thank you!

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# Setting custom DNS records
!!! warning "Community documentation"
This page is not actively maintained by the headscale authors and is
written by community members. It is _not_ verified by `headscale` developers.
**It might be outdated and it might miss necessary steps**.
## Goal
This documentation has the goal of showing how a user can set custom DNS records with `headscale`s magic dns.
An example use case is to serve apps on the same host via a reverse proxy like NGINX, in this case a Prometheus monitoring stack. This allows to nicely access the service with "http://grafana.myvpn.example.com" instead of the hostname and portnum combination "http://hostname-in-magic-dns.myvpn.example.com:3000".
## Setup
### 1. Change the configuration
1. Change the `config.yaml` to contain the desired records like so:
```yaml
dns:
...
extra_records:
- name: "prometheus.myvpn.example.com"
type: "A"
value: "100.64.0.3"
- name: "grafana.myvpn.example.com"
type: "A"
value: "100.64.0.3"
...
```
1. Restart your headscale instance.
!!! warning
Beware of the limitations listed later on!
### 2. Verify that the records are set
You can use a DNS querying tool of your choice on one of your hosts to verify that your newly set records are actually available in MagicDNS, here we used [`dig`](https://man.archlinux.org/man/dig.1.en):
```
$ dig grafana.myvpn.example.com
; <<>> DiG 9.18.10 <<>> grafana.myvpn.example.com
;; global options: +cmd
;; Got answer:
;; ->>HEADER<<- opcode: QUERY, status: NOERROR, id: 44054
;; flags: qr rd ra; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 1, AUTHORITY: 0, ADDITIONAL: 1
;; OPT PSEUDOSECTION:
; EDNS: version: 0, flags:; udp: 65494
;; QUESTION SECTION:
;grafana.myvpn.example.com. IN A
;; ANSWER SECTION:
grafana.myvpn.example.com. 593 IN A 100.64.0.3
;; Query time: 0 msec
;; SERVER: 127.0.0.53#53(127.0.0.53) (UDP)
;; WHEN: Sat Dec 31 11:46:55 CET 2022
;; MSG SIZE rcvd: 66
```
### 3. Optional: Setup the reverse proxy
The motivating example here was to be able to access internal monitoring services on the same host without specifying a port:
```
server {
listen 80;
listen [::]:80;
server_name grafana.myvpn.example.com;
location / {
proxy_pass http://localhost:3000;
proxy_set_header Host $http_host;
proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Proto $scheme;
}
}
```
## Limitations
[Not all types of records are supported](https://github.com/tailscale/tailscale/blob/6edf357b96b28ee1be659a70232c0135b2ffedfd/ipn/ipnlocal/local.go#L2989-L3007), especially no CNAME records.

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- toc
---
# headscale
# Welcome to headscale
`headscale` is an open source, self-hosted implementation of the Tailscale control server.
Headscale is an open source, self-hosted implementation of the Tailscale control server.
This page contains the documentation for the latest version of headscale. Please also check our [FAQ](faq.md).
This page contains the documentation for the latest version of headscale. Please also check our [FAQ](./about/faq.md).
Join our [Discord](https://discord.gg/c84AZQhmpx) server for a chat and community support.
@ -23,16 +23,15 @@ open-source organisation.
## Supporting headscale
If you like `headscale` and find it useful, there is a sponsorship and donation
buttons available in the repo.
Please see [Sponsor](about/sponsor.md) for more information.
## Contributing
Headscale is "Open Source, acknowledged contribution", this means that any
contribution will have to be discussed with the Maintainers before being submitted.
Please see [CONTRIBUTING.md](https://github.com/juanfont/headscale/blob/main/CONTRIBUTING.md) for more information.
Please see [Contributing](about/contributing.md) for more information.
## About
`headscale` is maintained by [Kristoffer Dalby](https://kradalby.no/) and [Juan Font](https://font.eu).
Headscale is maintained by [Kristoffer Dalby](https://kradalby.no/) and [Juan Font](https://font.eu).

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@ -36,12 +36,12 @@ servers.
- billing.internal
- router.internal
![ACL implementation example](images/headscale-acl-network.png)
![ACL implementation example](../images/headscale-acl-network.png)
## ACL setup
Note: Users will be created automatically when users authenticate with the
Headscale server.
headscale server.
ACLs have to be written in [huJSON](https://github.com/tailscale/hujson).
@ -87,7 +87,7 @@ Here are the ACL's to implement the same permissions as above:
// to define a single host, use a /32 mask. You cannot use DNS entries here,
// as they're prone to be hijacked by replacing their IP addresses.
// see https://github.com/tailscale/tailscale/issues/3800 for more information.
"Hosts": {
"hosts": {
"postgresql.internal": "10.20.0.2/32",
"webservers.internal": "10.20.10.1/29"
},

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@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
# Configuration
- Headscale loads its configuration from a YAML file
- It searches for `config.yaml` in the following paths:
- `/etc/headscale`
- `$HOME/.headscale`
- the current working directory
- Use the command line flag `-c`, `--config` to load the configuration from a different path
- Validate the configuration file with: `headscale configtest`
!!! example "Get the [example configuration from the GitHub repository](https://github.com/juanfont/headscale/blob/main/config-example.yaml)"
Always select the [same GitHub tag](https://github.com/juanfont/headscale/tags) as the released version you use to
ensure you have the correct example configuration. The `main` branch might contain unreleased changes.
=== "View on GitHub"
* Development version: <https://github.com/juanfont/headscale/blob/main/config-example.yaml>
* Version {{ headscale.version }}: <https://github.com/juanfont/headscale/blob/v{{ headscale.version }}/config-example.yaml>
=== "Download with `wget`"
```shell
# Development version
wget -O config.yaml https://raw.githubusercontent.com/juanfont/headscale/main/config-example.yaml
# Version {{ headscale.version }}
wget -O config.yaml https://raw.githubusercontent.com/juanfont/headscale/v{{ headscale.version }}/config-example.yaml
```
=== "Download with `curl`"
```shell
# Development version
curl -o config.yaml https://raw.githubusercontent.com/juanfont/headscale/main/config-example.yaml
# Version {{ headscale.version }}
curl -o config.yaml https://raw.githubusercontent.com/juanfont/headscale/v{{ headscale.version }}/config-example.yaml
```

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@ -0,0 +1,80 @@
# DNS
Headscale supports [most DNS features](../about/features.md) from Tailscale and DNS releated settings can be configured
in the [configuration file](./configuration.md) within the `dns` section.
## Setting custom DNS records
!!! warning "Community documentation"
This page is not actively maintained by the headscale authors and is
written by community members. It is _not_ verified by headscale developers.
**It might be outdated and it might miss necessary steps**.
Headscale allows to set custom DNS records which are made available via
[MagicDNS](https://tailscale.com/kb/1081/magicdns). An example use case is to serve multiple apps on the same host via a
reverse proxy like NGINX, in this case a Prometheus monitoring stack. This allows to nicely access the service with
"http://grafana.myvpn.example.com" instead of the hostname and port combination
"http://hostname-in-magic-dns.myvpn.example.com:3000".
!!! warning "Limitations"
[Not all types of records are supported](https://github.com/tailscale/tailscale/blob/6edf357b96b28ee1be659a70232c0135b2ffedfd/ipn/ipnlocal/local.go#L2989-L3007), especially no CNAME records.
1. Update the [configuration file](./configuration.md) to contain the desired records like so:
```yaml
dns:
...
extra_records:
- name: "prometheus.myvpn.example.com"
type: "A"
value: "100.64.0.3"
- name: "grafana.myvpn.example.com"
type: "A"
value: "100.64.0.3"
...
```
1. Restart your headscale instance.
1. Verify that DNS records are properly set using the DNS querying tool of your choice:
=== "Query with dig"
```shell
dig +short grafana.myvpn.example.com
100.64.0.3
```
=== "Query with drill"
```shell
drill -Q grafana.myvpn.example.com
100.64.0.3
```
1. Optional: Setup the reverse proxy
The motivating example here was to be able to access internal monitoring services on the same host without
specifying a port, depicted as NGINX configuration snippet:
```
server {
listen 80;
listen [::]:80;
server_name grafana.myvpn.example.com;
location / {
proxy_pass http://localhost:3000;
proxy_set_header Host $http_host;
proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Proto $scheme;
}
}
```

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@ -3,7 +3,7 @@
!!! warning "Community documentation"
This page is not actively maintained by the headscale authors and is
written by community members. It is _not_ verified by `headscale` developers.
written by community members. It is _not_ verified by headscale developers.
**It might be outdated and it might miss necessary steps**.
@ -121,11 +121,11 @@ The following Caddyfile is all that is necessary to use Caddy as a reverse proxy
Caddy v2 will [automatically](https://caddyserver.com/docs/automatic-https) provision a certificate for your domain/subdomain, force HTTPS, and proxy websockets - no further configuration is necessary.
For a slightly more complex configuration which utilizes Docker containers to manage Caddy, Headscale, and Headscale-UI, [Guru Computing's guide](https://blog.gurucomputing.com.au/smart-vpns-with-headscale/) is an excellent reference.
For a slightly more complex configuration which utilizes Docker containers to manage Caddy, headscale, and Headscale-UI, [Guru Computing's guide](https://blog.gurucomputing.com.au/smart-vpns-with-headscale/) is an excellent reference.
## Apache
The following minimal Apache config will proxy traffic to the Headscale instance on `<IP:PORT>`. Note that `upgrade=any` is required as a parameter for `ProxyPass` so that WebSockets traffic whose `Upgrade` header value is not equal to `WebSocket` (i. e. Tailscale Control Protocol) is forwarded correctly. See the [Apache docs](https://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.4/mod/mod_proxy_wstunnel.html) for more information on this.
The following minimal Apache config will proxy traffic to the headscale instance on `<IP:PORT>`. Note that `upgrade=any` is required as a parameter for `ProxyPass` so that WebSockets traffic whose `Upgrade` header value is not equal to `WebSocket` (i. e. Tailscale Control Protocol) is forwarded correctly. See the [Apache docs](https://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.4/mod/mod_proxy_wstunnel.html) for more information on this.
```
<VirtualHost *:443>

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@ -3,14 +3,14 @@
!!! warning "Community contributions"
This page contains community contributions. The projects listed here are not
maintained by the Headscale authors and are written by community members.
maintained by the headscale authors and are written by community members.
| Name | Repository Link | Description | Status |
| --------------- | ------------------------------------------------------- | ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ------ |
| headscale-webui | [Github](https://github.com/ifargle/headscale-webui) | A simple Headscale web UI for small-scale deployments. | Alpha |
| headscale-webui | [Github](https://github.com/ifargle/headscale-webui) | A simple headscale web UI for small-scale deployments. | Alpha |
| headscale-ui | [Github](https://github.com/gurucomputing/headscale-ui) | A web frontend for the headscale Tailscale-compatible coordination server | Alpha |
| HeadscaleUi | [GitHub](https://github.com/simcu/headscale-ui) | A static headscale admin ui, no backend enviroment required | Alpha |
| headscale-admin | [Github](https://github.com/GoodiesHQ/headscale-admin) | Headscale-Admin is meant to be a simple, modern web interface for Headscale | Beta |
| headscale-admin | [Github](https://github.com/GoodiesHQ/headscale-admin) | Headscale-Admin is meant to be a simple, modern web interface for headscale | Beta |
| ouroboros | [Github](https://github.com/yellowsink/ouroboros) | Ouroboros is designed for users to manage their own devices, rather than for admins | Stable |
You can ask for support on our dedicated [Discord channel](https://discord.com/channels/896711691637780480/1105842846386356294).

27
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View File

@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
# Configuring Headscale to use OIDC authentication
# Configuring headscale to use OIDC authentication
In order to authenticate users through a centralized solution one must enable the OIDC integration.
@ -54,7 +54,7 @@ oidc:
## Azure AD example
In order to integrate Headscale with Azure Active Directory, we'll need to provision an App Registration with the correct scopes and redirect URI. Here with Terraform:
In order to integrate headscale with Azure Active Directory, we'll need to provision an App Registration with the correct scopes and redirect URI. Here with Terraform:
```hcl
resource "azuread_application" "headscale" {
@ -84,7 +84,7 @@ resource "azuread_application" "headscale" {
}
}
web {
# Points at your running Headscale instance
# Points at your running headscale instance
redirect_uris = ["https://headscale.example.com/oidc/callback"]
implicit_grant {
@ -125,7 +125,7 @@ output "headscale_client_secret" {
}
```
And in your Headscale `config.yaml`:
And in your headscale `config.yaml`:
```yaml
oidc:
@ -144,7 +144,7 @@ oidc:
## Google OAuth Example
In order to integrate Headscale with Google, you'll need to have a [Google Cloud Console](https://console.cloud.google.com) account.
In order to integrate headscale with Google, you'll need to have a [Google Cloud Console](https://console.cloud.google.com) account.
Google OAuth has a [verification process](https://support.google.com/cloud/answer/9110914?hl=en) if you need to have users authenticate who are outside of your domain. If you only need to authenticate users from your domain name (ie `@example.com`), you don't need to go through the verification process.
@ -158,17 +158,16 @@ However if you don't have a domain, or need to add users outside of your domain,
4. Click `Create Credentials` -> `OAuth client ID`
5. Under `Application Type`, choose `Web Application`
6. For `Name`, enter whatever you like
7. Under `Authorised redirect URIs`, use `https://example.com/oidc/callback`, replacing example.com with your Headscale URL.
7. Under `Authorised redirect URIs`, use `https://example.com/oidc/callback`, replacing example.com with your headscale URL.
8. Click `Save` at the bottom of the form
9. Take note of the `Client ID` and `Client secret`, you can also download it for reference if you need it.
10. Edit your headscale config, under `oidc`, filling in your `client_id` and `client_secret`:
```yaml
oidc:
issuer: "https://accounts.google.com"
client_id: ""
client_secret: ""
scope: ["openid", "profile", "email"]
```
```yaml
oidc:
issuer: "https://accounts.google.com"
client_id: ""
client_secret: ""
scope: ["openid", "profile", "email"]
```
You can also use `allowed_domains` and `allowed_users` to restrict the users who can authenticate.

98
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@ -0,0 +1,98 @@
# Controlling headscale with remote CLI
This documentation has the goal of showing a user how-to set control a headscale instance
from a remote machine with the `headscale` command line binary.
## Prerequisite
- A workstation to run headscale (could be Linux, macOS, other supported platforms)
- A headscale server (version `0.13.0` or newer)
- Access to create API keys (local access to the headscale server)
- headscale _must_ be served over TLS/HTTPS
- Remote access does _not_ support unencrypted traffic.
- Port `50443` must be open in the firewall (or port overridden by `grpc_listen_addr` option)
## Create an API key
We need to create an API key to authenticate our remote headscale when using it from our workstation.
To create a API key, log into your headscale server and generate a key:
```shell
headscale apikeys create --expiration 90d
```
Copy the output of the command and save it for later. Please note that you can not retrieve a key again,
if the key is lost, expire the old one, and create a new key.
To list the keys currently assosicated with the server:
```shell
headscale apikeys list
```
and to expire a key:
```shell
headscale apikeys expire --prefix "<PREFIX>"
```
## Download and configure headscale
1. Download the latest [`headscale` binary from GitHub's release page](https://github.com/juanfont/headscale/releases):
1. Put the binary somewhere in your `PATH`, e.g. `/usr/local/bin/headscale`
1. Make `headscale` executable:
```shell
chmod +x /usr/local/bin/headscale
```
1. Configure the CLI through environment variables
```shell
export HEADSCALE_CLI_ADDRESS="<HEADSCALE ADDRESS>:<PORT>"
export HEADSCALE_CLI_API_KEY="<API KEY FROM PREVIOUS STAGE>"
```
for example:
```shell
export HEADSCALE_CLI_ADDRESS="headscale.example.com:50443"
export HEADSCALE_CLI_API_KEY="abcde12345"
```
This will tell the `headscale` binary to connect to a remote instance, instead of looking
for a local instance (which is what it does on the server).
The API key is needed to make sure that you are allowed to access the server. The key is _not_
needed when running directly on the server, as the connection is local.
1. Test the connection
Let us run the headscale command to verify that we can connect by listing our nodes:
```shell
headscale nodes list
```
You should now be able to see a list of your nodes from your workstation, and you can
now control the headscale server from your workstation.
## Behind a proxy
It is possible to run the gRPC remote endpoint behind a reverse proxy, like Nginx, and have it run on the _same_ port as headscale.
While this is _not a supported_ feature, an example on how this can be set up on
[NixOS is shown here](https://github.com/kradalby/dotfiles/blob/4489cdbb19cddfbfae82cd70448a38fde5a76711/machines/headscale.oracldn/headscale.nix#L61-L91).
## Troubleshooting
Checklist:
- Make sure you have the _same_ headscale version on your server and workstation
- Make sure you use version `0.13.0` or newer.
- Verify that your TLS certificate is valid and trusted
- If you do not have access to a trusted certificate (e.g. from Let's Encrypt), add your self signed certificate to the trust store of your OS or
- Set `HEADSCALE_CLI_INSECURE` to 0 in your environment

2
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View File

@ -47,7 +47,7 @@ Headscale uses [autocert](https://pkg.go.dev/golang.org/x/crypto/acme/autocert),
If you want to validate that certificate renewal completed successfully, this can be done either manually, or through external monitoring software. Two examples of doing this manually:
1. Open the URL for your Headscale server in your browser of choice, and manually inspecting the expiry date of the certificate you receive.
1. Open the URL for your headscale server in your browser of choice, and manually inspecting the expiry date of the certificate you receive.
2. Or, check remotely from CLI using `openssl`:
```bash

100
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@ -1,100 +0,0 @@
# Controlling `headscale` with remote CLI
## Prerequisite
- A workstation to run `headscale` (could be Linux, macOS, other supported platforms)
- A `headscale` server (version `0.13.0` or newer)
- Access to create API keys (local access to the `headscale` server)
- `headscale` _must_ be served over TLS/HTTPS
- Remote access does _not_ support unencrypted traffic.
- Port `50443` must be open in the firewall (or port overridden by `grpc_listen_addr` option)
## Goal
This documentation has the goal of showing a user how-to set control a `headscale` instance
from a remote machine with the `headscale` command line binary.
## Create an API key
We need to create an API key to authenticate our remote `headscale` when using it from our workstation.
To create a API key, log into your `headscale` server and generate a key:
```shell
headscale apikeys create --expiration 90d
```
Copy the output of the command and save it for later. Please note that you can not retrieve a key again,
if the key is lost, expire the old one, and create a new key.
To list the keys currently assosicated with the server:
```shell
headscale apikeys list
```
and to expire a key:
```shell
headscale apikeys expire --prefix "<PREFIX>"
```
## Download and configure `headscale`
1. Download the latest [`headscale` binary from GitHub's release page](https://github.com/juanfont/headscale/releases):
2. Put the binary somewhere in your `PATH`, e.g. `/usr/local/bin/headscale`
3. Make `headscale` executable:
```shell
chmod +x /usr/local/bin/headscale
```
4. Configure the CLI through environment variables
```shell
export HEADSCALE_CLI_ADDRESS="<HEADSCALE ADDRESS>:<PORT>"
export HEADSCALE_CLI_API_KEY="<API KEY FROM PREVIOUS STAGE>"
```
for example:
```shell
export HEADSCALE_CLI_ADDRESS="headscale.example.com:50443"
export HEADSCALE_CLI_API_KEY="abcde12345"
```
This will tell the `headscale` binary to connect to a remote instance, instead of looking
for a local instance (which is what it does on the server).
The API key is needed to make sure that you are allowed to access the server. The key is _not_
needed when running directly on the server, as the connection is local.
5. Test the connection
Let us run the headscale command to verify that we can connect by listing our nodes:
```shell
headscale nodes list
```
You should now be able to see a list of your nodes from your workstation, and you can
now control the `headscale` server from your workstation.
## Behind a proxy
It is possible to run the gRPC remote endpoint behind a reverse proxy, like Nginx, and have it run on the _same_ port as `headscale`.
While this is _not a supported_ feature, an example on how this can be set up on
[NixOS is shown here](https://github.com/kradalby/dotfiles/blob/4489cdbb19cddfbfae82cd70448a38fde5a76711/machines/headscale.oracldn/headscale.nix#L61-L91).
## Troubleshooting
Checklist:
- Make sure you have the _same_ `headscale` version on your server and workstation
- Make sure you use version `0.13.0` or newer.
- Verify that your TLS certificate is valid and trusted
- If you do not have access to a trusted certificate (e.g. from Let's Encrypt), add your self signed certificate to the trust store of your OS or
- Set `HEADSCALE_CLI_INSECURE` to 0 in your environment

3
docs/requirements.txt
View File

@ -1,4 +1,7 @@
cairosvg~=2.7.1
mkdocs-include-markdown-plugin~=6.2.2
mkdocs-macros-plugin~=1.2.0
mkdocs-material~=9.5.18
mkdocs-minify-plugin~=0.7.1
mkdocs-redirects~=1.2.1
pillow~=10.1.0

163
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@ -1,163 +0,0 @@
# Running headscale on Linux
!!! warning "Outdated and advanced"
This documentation is considered the "legacy"/advanced/manual version of the documentation, you most likely do not
want to use this documentation and rather look at the [distro specific documentation](./running-headscale-linux.md).
## Goal
This documentation has the goal of showing a user how-to set up and run `headscale` on Linux.
In additional to the "get up and running section", there is an optional [systemd section](#running-headscale-in-the-background-with-systemd)
describing how to make `headscale` run properly in a server environment.
## Configure and run `headscale`
1. Download the latest [`headscale` binary from GitHub's release page](https://github.com/juanfont/headscale/releases):
```shell
wget --output-document=/usr/local/bin/headscale \
https://github.com/juanfont/headscale/releases/download/v<HEADSCALE VERSION>/headscale_<HEADSCALE VERSION>_linux_<ARCH>
```
1. Make `headscale` executable:
```shell
chmod +x /usr/local/bin/headscale
```
1. Prepare a directory to hold `headscale` configuration and the [SQLite](https://www.sqlite.org/) database:
```shell
# Directory for configuration
mkdir -p /etc/headscale
# Directory for Database, and other variable data (like certificates)
mkdir -p /var/lib/headscale
# or if you create a headscale user:
useradd \
--create-home \
--home-dir /var/lib/headscale/ \
--system \
--user-group \
--shell /usr/sbin/nologin \
headscale
```
1. Create a `headscale` configuration:
```shell
touch /etc/headscale/config.yaml
```
**(Strongly Recommended)** Download a copy of the [example configuration](https://github.com/juanfont/headscale/blob/main/config-example.yaml) from the headscale repository.
1. Start the headscale server:
```shell
headscale serve
```
This command will start `headscale` in the current terminal session.
---
To continue the tutorial, open a new terminal and let it run in the background.
Alternatively use terminal emulators like [tmux](https://github.com/tmux/tmux) or [screen](https://www.gnu.org/software/screen/).
To run `headscale` in the background, please follow the steps in the [systemd section](#running-headscale-in-the-background-with-systemd) before continuing.
1. Verify `headscale` is running:
Verify `headscale` is available:
```shell
curl http://127.0.0.1:9090/metrics
```
1. Create a user ([tailnet](https://tailscale.com/kb/1136/tailnet/)):
```shell
headscale users create myfirstuser
```
### Register a machine (normal login)
On a client machine, execute the `tailscale` login command:
```shell
tailscale up --login-server YOUR_HEADSCALE_URL
```
Register the machine:
```shell
headscale nodes register --user myfirstuser --key <YOUR_MACHINE_KEY>
```
### Register machine using a pre authenticated key
Generate a key using the command line:
```shell
headscale preauthkeys create --user myfirstuser --reusable --expiration 24h
```
This will return a pre-authenticated key that can be used to connect a node to `headscale` during the `tailscale` command:
```shell
tailscale up --login-server <YOUR_HEADSCALE_URL> --authkey <YOUR_AUTH_KEY>
```
## Running `headscale` in the background with systemd
This section demonstrates how to run `headscale` as a service in the background with [systemd](https://systemd.io/).
This should work on most modern Linux distributions.
1. Copy [headscale's systemd service file](./packaging/headscale.systemd.service) to
`/etc/systemd/system/headscale.service` and adjust it to suit your local setup. The following parameters likely need
to be modified: `ExecStart`, `WorkingDirectory`, `ReadWritePaths`.
Note that when running as the headscale user ensure that, either you add your current user to the headscale group:
```shell
usermod -a -G headscale current_user
```
or run all headscale commands as the headscale user:
```shell
su - headscale
```
1. In `/etc/headscale/config.yaml`, override the default `headscale` unix socket with path that is writable by the `headscale` user or group:
```yaml
unix_socket: /var/run/headscale/headscale.sock
```
1. Reload systemd to load the new configuration file:
```shell
systemctl daemon-reload
```
1. Enable and start the new `headscale` service:
```shell
systemctl enable --now headscale
```
1. Verify the headscale service:
```shell
systemctl status headscale
```
Verify `headscale` is available:
```shell
curl http://127.0.0.1:9090/metrics
```
`headscale` will now run in the background and start at boot.

97
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@ -1,97 +0,0 @@
# Running headscale on Linux
## Requirements
- Ubuntu 20.04 or newer, Debian 11 or newer.
## Goal
Get Headscale up and running.
This includes running Headscale with systemd.
## Migrating from manual install
If you are migrating from the old manual install, the best thing would be to remove
the files installed by following [the guide in reverse](./running-headscale-linux-manual.md).
You should _not_ delete the database (`/var/lib/headscale/db.sqlite`) and the
configuration (`/etc/headscale/config.yaml`).
## Installation
1. Download the [latest Headscale package](https://github.com/juanfont/headscale/releases/latest) for your platform (`.deb` for Ubuntu and Debian).
```shell
HEADSCALE_VERSION="" # See above URL for latest version, e.g. "X.Y.Z" (NOTE: do not add the "v" prefix!)
HEADSCALE_ARCH="" # Your system architecture, e.g. "amd64"
wget --output-document=headscale.deb \
"https://github.com/juanfont/headscale/releases/download/v${HEADSCALE_VERSION}/headscale_${HEADSCALE_VERSION}_linux_${HEADSCALE_ARCH}.deb"
```
1. Install Headscale:
```shell
sudo apt install ./headscale.deb
```
1. Enable Headscale service, this will start Headscale at boot:
```shell
sudo systemctl enable headscale
```
1. Configure Headscale by editing the configuration file:
```shell
nano /etc/headscale/config.yaml
```
1. Start Headscale:
```shell
sudo systemctl start headscale
```
1. Check that Headscale is running as intended:
```shell
systemctl status headscale
```
## Using Headscale
### Create a user
```shell
headscale users create myfirstuser
```
### Register a machine (normal login)
On a client machine, run the `tailscale` login command:
```shell
tailscale up --login-server <YOUR_HEADSCALE_URL>
```
Register the machine:
```shell
headscale nodes register --user myfirstuser --key <YOUR_MACHINE_KEY>
```
### Register machine using a pre authenticated key
Generate a key using the command line:
```shell
headscale preauthkeys create --user myfirstuser --reusable --expiration 24h
```
This will return a pre-authenticated key that is used to
connect a node to `headscale` during the `tailscale` command:
```shell
tailscale up --login-server <YOUR_HEADSCALE_URL> --authkey <YOUR_AUTH_KEY>
```

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@ -1,202 +0,0 @@
# Running headscale on OpenBSD
!!! warning "Community documentation"
This page is not actively maintained by the headscale authors and is
written by community members. It is _not_ verified by `headscale` developers.
**It might be outdated and it might miss necessary steps**.
## Goal
This documentation has the goal of showing a user how-to install and run `headscale` on OpenBSD.
In addition to the "get up and running section", there is an optional [rc.d section](#running-headscale-in-the-background-with-rcd)
describing how to make `headscale` run properly in a server environment.
## Install `headscale`
1. Install from ports
You can install headscale from ports by running `pkg_add headscale`.
1. Install from source
```shell
# Install prerequistes
pkg_add go
git clone https://github.com/juanfont/headscale.git
cd headscale
# optionally checkout a release
# option a. you can find official release at https://github.com/juanfont/headscale/releases/latest
# option b. get latest tag, this may be a beta release
latestTag=$(git describe --tags `git rev-list --tags --max-count=1`)
git checkout $latestTag
go build -ldflags="-s -w -X github.com/juanfont/headscale/cmd/headscale/cli.Version=$latestTag" github.com/juanfont/headscale
# make it executable
chmod a+x headscale
# copy it to /usr/local/sbin
cp headscale /usr/local/sbin
```
1. Install from source via cross compile
```shell
# Install prerequistes
# 1. go v1.20+: headscale newer than 0.21 needs go 1.20+ to compile
# 2. gmake: Makefile in the headscale repo is written in GNU make syntax
git clone https://github.com/juanfont/headscale.git
cd headscale
# optionally checkout a release
# option a. you can find official release at https://github.com/juanfont/headscale/releases/latest
# option b. get latest tag, this may be a beta release
latestTag=$(git describe --tags `git rev-list --tags --max-count=1`)
git checkout $latestTag
make build GOOS=openbsd
# copy headscale to openbsd machine and put it in /usr/local/sbin
```
## Configure and run `headscale`
1. Prepare a directory to hold `headscale` configuration and the [SQLite](https://www.sqlite.org/) database:
```shell
# Directory for configuration
mkdir -p /etc/headscale
# Directory for database, and other variable data (like certificates)
mkdir -p /var/lib/headscale
```
1. Create a `headscale` configuration:
```shell
touch /etc/headscale/config.yaml
```
**(Strongly Recommended)** Download a copy of the [example configuration](https://github.com/juanfont/headscale/blob/main/config-example.yaml) from the headscale repository.
1. Start the headscale server:
```shell
headscale serve
```
This command will start `headscale` in the current terminal session.
***
To continue the tutorial, open a new terminal and let it run in the background.
Alternatively use terminal emulators like [tmux](https://github.com/tmux/tmux).
To run `headscale` in the background, please follow the steps in the [rc.d section](#running-headscale-in-the-background-with-rcd) before continuing.
1. Verify `headscale` is running:
Verify `headscale` is available:
```shell
curl http://127.0.0.1:9090/metrics
```
1. Create a user ([tailnet](https://tailscale.com/kb/1136/tailnet/)):
```shell
headscale users create myfirstuser
```
### Register a machine (normal login)
On a client machine, execute the `tailscale` login command:
```shell
tailscale up --login-server YOUR_HEADSCALE_URL
```
Register the machine:
```shell
headscale nodes register --user myfirstuser --key <YOUR_MACHINE_KEY>
```
### Register machine using a pre authenticated key
Generate a key using the command line:
```shell
headscale preauthkeys create --user myfirstuser --reusable --expiration 24h
```
This will return a pre-authenticated key that can be used to connect a node to `headscale` during the `tailscale` command:
```shell
tailscale up --login-server <YOUR_HEADSCALE_URL> --authkey <YOUR_AUTH_KEY>
```
## Running `headscale` in the background with rc.d
This section demonstrates how to run `headscale` as a service in the background with [rc.d](https://man.openbsd.org/rc.d).
1. Create a rc.d service at `/etc/rc.d/headscale` containing:
```shell
#!/bin/ksh
daemon="/usr/local/sbin/headscale"
daemon_logger="daemon.info"
daemon_user="root"
daemon_flags="serve"
daemon_timeout=60
. /etc/rc.d/rc.subr
rc_bg=YES
rc_reload=NO
rc_cmd $1
```
1. `/etc/rc.d/headscale` needs execute permission:
```shell
chmod a+x /etc/rc.d/headscale
```
1. Start `headscale` service:
```shell
rcctl start headscale
```
1. Make `headscale` service start at boot:
```shell
rcctl enable headscale
```
1. Verify the headscale service:
```shell
rcctl check headscale
```
Verify `headscale` is available:
```shell
curl http://127.0.0.1:9090/metrics
```
`headscale` will now run in the background and start at boot.

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@ -1,136 +0,0 @@
# Running headscale on Sealos
!!! warning "Community documentation"
This page is not actively maintained by the headscale authors and is
written by community members. It is _not_ verified by `headscale` developers.
**It might be outdated and it might miss necessary steps**.
## Goal
This documentation has the goal of showing a user how-to run `headscale` on Sealos.
## Running headscale server
1. Click the following prebuilt template:
[![](https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/gh/labring-actions/templates@main/Deploy-on-Sealos.svg)](https://cloud.sealos.io/?openapp=system-template%3FtemplateName%3Dheadscale)
2. Click "Deploy Application" on the template page to start deployment. Upon completion, two applications appear: Headscale, and its [visual interface](https://github.com/GoodiesHQ/headscale-admin).
3. Once deployment concludes, click 'Details' on the Headscale application page to navigate to the application's details.
4. Wait for the application's status to switch to running. For accessing the headscale server, the Public Address associated with port 8080 is the address of the headscale server. To access the Headscale console, simply append `/admin/` to the Headscale public URL.
![](./images/headscale-sealos-url.png)
5. Click on 'Terminal' button on the right side of the details to access the Terminal of the headscale application. then create a user ([tailnet](https://tailscale.com/kb/1136/tailnet/)):
```bash
headscale users create myfirstuser
```
### Register a machine (normal login)
On a client machine, execute the `tailscale` login command:
```bash
# replace <YOUR_HEADSCALE_URL> with the public domain provided by Sealos
tailscale up --login-server YOUR_HEADSCALE_URL
```
To register a machine when running headscale in [Sealos](https://sealos.io), click on 'Terminal' button on the right side of the headscale application's detail page to access the Terminal of the headscale application, then take the headscale command:
```bash
headscale nodes register --user myfirstuser --key <YOUR_MACHINE_KEY>
```
### Register machine using a pre authenticated key
click on 'Terminal' button on the right side of the headscale application's detail page to access the Terminal of the headscale application, then generate a key using the command line:
```bash
headscale preauthkeys create --user myfirstuser --reusable --expiration 24h
```
This will return a pre-authenticated key that can be used to connect a node to `headscale` during the `tailscale` command:
```bash
tailscale up --login-server <YOUR_HEADSCALE_URL> --authkey <YOUR_AUTH_KEY>
```
## Controlling headscale with remote CLI
This documentation has the goal of showing a user how-to set control a headscale instance from a remote machine with the headscale command line binary.
### Create an API key
We need to create an API key to authenticate our remote headscale when using it from our workstation.
To create a API key, click on 'Terminal' button on the right side of the headscale application's detail page to access the Terminal of the headscale application, then generate a key:
```bash
headscale apikeys create --expiration 90d
```
Copy the output of the command and save it for later. Please note that you can not retrieve a key again, if the key is lost, expire the old one, and create a new key.
To list the keys currently assosicated with the server:
```bash
headscale apikeys list
```
and to expire a key:
```bash
headscale apikeys expire --prefix "<PREFIX>"
```
### Download and configure `headscale` client
1. Download the latest [`headscale` binary from GitHub's release page](https://github.com/juanfont/headscale/releases):
2. Put the binary somewhere in your `PATH`, e.g. `/usr/local/bin/headscale`
3. Make `headscale` executable:
```shell
chmod +x /usr/local/bin/headscale
```
4. Configure the CLI through Environment Variables
```shell
export HEADSCALE_CLI_ADDRESS="<HEADSCALE ADDRESS>:443"
export HEADSCALE_CLI_API_KEY="<API KEY FROM PREVIOUS STAGE>"
```
In the headscale application's detail page, The Public Address corresponding to port 50443 corresponds to the value of <HEADSCALE ADDRESS>.
![](./images/headscale-sealos-grpc-url.png)
for example:
```shell
export HEADSCALE_CLI_ADDRESS="pwnjnnly.cloud.sealos.io:443"
export HEADSCALE_CLI_API_KEY="abcde12345"
```
This will tell the `headscale` binary to connect to a remote instance, instead of looking
for a local instance.
The API key is needed to make sure that your are allowed to access the server. The key is _not_
needed when running directly on the server, as the connection is local.
1. Test the connection
Let us run the headscale command to verify that we can connect by listing our nodes:
```shell
headscale nodes list
```
You should now be able to see a list of your nodes from your workstation, and you can
now control the `headscale` server from your workstation.
> Reference: [Headscale Deployment and Usage Guide: Mastering Tailscale's Self-Hosting Basics](https://icloudnative.io/en/posts/how-to-set-up-or-migrate-headscale/)

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@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
# Running headscale in a cloud
!!! warning "Community documentation"
This page is not actively maintained by the headscale authors and is
written by community members. It is _not_ verified by headscale developers.
**It might be outdated and it might miss necessary steps**.
## Sealos
[Deploy headscale as service on Sealos.](https://icloudnative.io/en/posts/how-to-set-up-or-migrate-headscale/)
1. Click the following prebuilt template:
[![](https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/gh/labring-actions/templates@main/Deploy-on-Sealos.svg)](https://cloud.sealos.io/?openapp=system-template%3FtemplateName%3Dheadscale)
2. Click "Deploy Application" on the template page to start deployment. Upon completion, two applications appear: headscale, and one of its [web interfaces](../../ref/integration/web-ui.md).
3. Once deployment concludes, click 'Details' on the headscale application page to navigate to the application's details.
4. Wait for the application's status to switch to running. For accessing the headscale server, the Public Address associated with port 8080 is the address of the headscale server. To access the headscale console, simply append `/admin/` to the headscale public URL.
!!! tip "Remote CLI"
Headscale can be managed remotely via its remote CLI support. See our [Controlling headscale with remote
CLI](../../ref/remote-cli.md) documentation for details.

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# Community packages
Several Linux distributions and community members provide packages for headscale. Those packages may be used instead of
the [official releases](./official.md) provided by the headscale maintainers. Such packages offer improved integration
for their targeted operating system and usually:
- setup a dedicated user account to run headscale
- provide a default configuration
- install headscale as system service
!!! warning "Community packages might be outdated"
The packages mentioned on this page might be outdated or unmaintained. Use the [official releases](./official.md) to
get the current stable version or to test pre-releases.
[![Packaging status](https://repology.org/badge/vertical-allrepos/headscale.svg)](https://repology.org/project/headscale/versions)
## Arch Linux
Arch Linux offers a package for headscale, install via:
```shell
pacman -S headscale
```
The [AUR package `headscale-git`](https://aur.archlinux.org/packages/headscale-git) can be used to build the current
development version.
## Fedora, RHEL, CentOS
A 3rd-party repository for various RPM based distributions is available at:
<https://copr.fedorainfracloud.org/coprs/jonathanspw/headscale/>. The site provides detailed setup and installation
instructions.
## Nix, NixOS
A Nix package is available as: `headscale`. See the [NixOS package site for installation
details](https://search.nixos.org/packages?show=headscale).
## Gentoo
```shell
emerge --ask net-vpn/headscale
```
Gentoo specific documentation is available [here](https://wiki.gentoo.org/wiki/User:Maffblaster/Drafts/Headscale).
## OpenBSD
Headscale is available in ports. The port installs headscale as system service with `rc.d` and provides usage
instructions upon installation.
```shell
pkg_add headscale
```

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@ -3,46 +3,36 @@
!!! warning "Community documentation"
This page is not actively maintained by the headscale authors and is
written by community members. It is _not_ verified by `headscale` developers.
written by community members. It is _not_ verified by headscale developers.
**It might be outdated and it might miss necessary steps**.
## Goal
This documentation has the goal of showing a user how-to set up and run `headscale` in a container.
This documentation has the goal of showing a user how-to set up and run headscale in a container.
[Docker](https://www.docker.com) is used as the reference container implementation, but there is no reason that it should
not work with alternatives like [Podman](https://podman.io). The Docker image can be found on Docker Hub [here](https://hub.docker.com/r/headscale/headscale).
## Configure and run `headscale`
## Configure and run headscale
1. Prepare a directory on the host Docker node in your directory of choice, used to hold `headscale` configuration and the [SQLite](https://www.sqlite.org/) database:
1. Prepare a directory on the host Docker node in your directory of choice, used to hold headscale configuration and the [SQLite](https://www.sqlite.org/) database:
```shell
mkdir -p ./headscale/config
cd ./headscale
```
1. **(Strongly Recommended)** Download a copy of the [example configuration](https://github.com/juanfont/headscale/blob/main/config-example.yaml) from the headscale repository.
1. Download the example configuration for your chosen version and save it as: `/etc/headscale/config.yaml`. Adjust the
configuration to suit your local environment. See [Configuration](../../ref/configuration.md) for details.
- Using `wget`:
```shell
wget -O ./config/config.yaml https://raw.githubusercontent.com/juanfont/headscale/main/config-example.yaml
```
- Using `curl`:
```shell
curl https://raw.githubusercontent.com/juanfont/headscale/main/config-example.yaml -o ./config/config.yaml
```
Modify the config file to your preferences before launching Docker container.
```shell
sudo mkdir -p /etc/headscale
sudo nano /etc/headscale/config.yaml
```
Alternatively, you can mount `/var/lib` and `/var/run` from your host system by adding
`--volume $(pwd)/lib:/var/lib/headscale` and `--volume $(pwd)/run:/var/run/headscale`
in the next step.
1. Start the headscale server while working in the host headscale directory:
1. Start the headscale server while working in the host headscale directory:
```shell
docker run \
@ -58,29 +48,30 @@ not work with alternatives like [Podman](https://podman.io). The Docker image ca
Note: use `0.0.0.0:8080:8080` instead of `127.0.0.1:8080:8080` if you want to expose the container externally.
This command will mount `config/` under `/etc/headscale`, forward port 8080 out of the container so the
`headscale` instance becomes available and then detach so headscale runs in the background.
headscale instance becomes available and then detach so headscale runs in the background.
Example `docker-compose.yaml`
```yaml
version: "3.7"
```yaml
version: "3.7"
services:
headscale:
image: headscale/headscale:<VERSION>
restart: unless-stopped
container_name: headscale
ports:
- "127.0.0.1:8080:8080"
- "127.0.0.1:9090:9090"
volumes:
# Please change <CONFIG_PATH> to the fullpath of the config folder just created
- <CONFIG_PATH>:/etc/headscale
command: serve
```
services:
headscale:
image: headscale/headscale:<VERSION>
restart: unless-stopped
container_name: headscale
ports:
- "127.0.0.1:8080:8080"
- "127.0.0.1:9090:9090"
volumes:
# Please change <CONFIG_PATH> to the fullpath of the config folder just created
- <CONFIG_PATH>:/etc/headscale
command: serve
```
1. Verify `headscale` is running:
Follow the container logs:
1. Verify headscale is running:
Follow the container logs:
```shell
docker logs --follow headscale
@ -92,13 +83,13 @@ not work with alternatives like [Podman](https://podman.io). The Docker image ca
docker ps
```
Verify `headscale` is available:
Verify headscale is available:
```shell
curl http://127.0.0.1:9090/metrics
```
1. Create a user ([tailnet](https://tailscale.com/kb/1136/tailnet/)):
1. Create a user ([tailnet](https://tailscale.com/kb/1136/tailnet/)):
```shell
docker exec -it headscale \
@ -113,7 +104,7 @@ On a client machine, execute the `tailscale` login command:
tailscale up --login-server YOUR_HEADSCALE_URL
```
To register a machine when running `headscale` in a container, take the headscale command and pass it to the container:
To register a machine when running headscale in a container, take the headscale command and pass it to the container:
```shell
docker exec -it headscale \
@ -129,7 +120,7 @@ docker exec -it headscale \
headscale preauthkeys create --user myfirstuser --reusable --expiration 24h
```
This will return a pre-authenticated key that can be used to connect a node to `headscale` during the `tailscale` command:
This will return a pre-authenticated key that can be used to connect a node to headscale during the `tailscale` command:
```shell
tailscale up --login-server <YOUR_HEADSCALE_URL> --authkey <YOUR_AUTH_KEY>

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# Official releases
Official releases for headscale are available as binaries for various platforms and DEB packages for Debian and Ubuntu.
Both are available on the [GitHub releases page](https://github.com/juanfont/headscale/releases).
## Using packages for Debian/Ubuntu (recommended)
It is recommended to use our DEB packages to install headscale on a Debian based system as those packages configure a
user to run headscale, provide a default configuration and ship with a systemd service file. Supported distributions are
Ubuntu 20.04 or newer, Debian 11 or newer.
1. Download the [latest headscale package](https://github.com/juanfont/headscale/releases/latest) for your platform (`.deb` for Ubuntu and Debian).
```shell
HEADSCALE_VERSION="" # See above URL for latest version, e.g. "X.Y.Z" (NOTE: do not add the "v" prefix!)
HEADSCALE_ARCH="" # Your system architecture, e.g. "amd64"
wget --output-document=headscale.deb \
"https://github.com/juanfont/headscale/releases/download/v${HEADSCALE_VERSION}/headscale_${HEADSCALE_VERSION}_linux_${HEADSCALE_ARCH}.deb"
```
1. Install headscale:
```shell
sudo apt install ./headscale.deb
```
1. [Configure headscale by editing the configuration file](../../ref/configuration.md):
```shell
sudo nano /etc/headscale/config.yaml
```
1. Enable and start the headscale service:
```shell
sudo systemctl enable --now headscale
```
1. Verify that headscale is running as intended:
```shell
sudo systemctl status headscale
```
## Using standalone binaries (advanced)
!!! warning "Advanced"
This installation method is considered advanced as one needs to take care of the headscale user and the systemd
service themselves. If possible, use the [DEB packages](#using-packages-for-debianubuntu-recommended) or a
[community package](./community.md) instead.
This section describes the installation of headscale according to the [Requirements and
assumptions](../requirements.md#assumptions). Headscale is run by a dedicated user and the service itself is managed by
systemd.
1. Download the latest [`headscale` binary from GitHub's release page](https://github.com/juanfont/headscale/releases):
```shell
sudo wget --output-document=/usr/local/bin/headscale \
https://github.com/juanfont/headscale/releases/download/v<HEADSCALE VERSION>/headscale_<HEADSCALE VERSION>_linux_<ARCH>
```
1. Make `headscale` executable:
```shell
sudo chmod +x /usr/local/bin/headscale
```
1. Add a dedicated user to run headscale:
```shell
sudo useradd \
--create-home \
--home-dir /var/lib/headscale/ \
--system \
--user-group \
--shell /usr/sbin/nologin \
headscale
```
1. Download the example configuration for your chosen version and save it as: `/etc/headscale/config.yaml`. Adjust the
configuration to suit your local environment. See [Configuration](../../ref/configuration.md) for details.
```shell
sudo mkdir -p /etc/headscale
sudo nano /etc/headscale/config.yaml
```
1. Copy [headscale's systemd service file](../../packaging/headscale.systemd.service) to
`/etc/systemd/system/headscale.service` and adjust it to suit your local setup. The following parameters likely need
to be modified: `ExecStart`, `WorkingDirectory`, `ReadWritePaths`.
1. In `/etc/headscale/config.yaml`, override the default `headscale` unix socket with a path that is writable by the
`headscale` user or group:
```yaml
unix_socket: /var/run/headscale/headscale.sock
```
1. Reload systemd to load the new configuration file:
```shell
systemctl daemon-reload
```
1. Enable and start the new headscale service:
```shell
systemctl enable --now headscale
```
1. Verify that headscale is running as intended:
```shell
systemctl status headscale
```

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# Build from source
!!! warning "Community documentation"
This page is not actively maintained by the headscale authors and is
written by community members. It is _not_ verified by headscale developers.
**It might be outdated and it might miss necessary steps**.
Headscale can be built from source using the latest version of [Go](https://golang.org) and [Buf](https://buf.build)
(Protobuf generator). See the [Contributing section in the GitHub
README](https://github.com/juanfont/headscale#contributing) for more information.
## OpenBSD
### Install from source
```shell
# Install prerequistes
pkg_add go
git clone https://github.com/juanfont/headscale.git
cd headscale
# optionally checkout a release
# option a. you can find official release at https://github.com/juanfont/headscale/releases/latest
# option b. get latest tag, this may be a beta release
latestTag=$(git describe --tags `git rev-list --tags --max-count=1`)
git checkout $latestTag
go build -ldflags="-s -w -X github.com/juanfont/headscale/cmd/headscale/cli.Version=$latestTag" github.com/juanfont/headscale
# make it executable
chmod a+x headscale
# copy it to /usr/local/sbin
cp headscale /usr/local/sbin
```
### Install from source via cross compile
```shell
# Install prerequistes
# 1. go v1.20+: headscale newer than 0.21 needs go 1.20+ to compile
# 2. gmake: Makefile in the headscale repo is written in GNU make syntax
git clone https://github.com/juanfont/headscale.git
cd headscale
# optionally checkout a release
# option a. you can find official release at https://github.com/juanfont/headscale/releases/latest
# option b. get latest tag, this may be a beta release
latestTag=$(git describe --tags `git rev-list --tags --max-count=1`)
git checkout $latestTag
make build GOOS=openbsd
# copy headscale to openbsd machine and put it in /usr/local/sbin
```

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@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
# Requirements
Headscale should just work as long as the following requirements are met:
- A server with a public IP address for headscale. A dual-stack setup with a public IPv4 and a public IPv6 address is
recommended.
- Headscale is served via HTTPS on port 443[^1].
- A reasonably modern Linux or BSD based operating system.
- A dedicated user account to run headscale.
- A little bit of command line knowledge to configure and operate headscale.
## Assumptions
The headscale documentation and the provided examples are written with a few assumptions in mind:
- Headscale is running as system service via a dedicated user `headscale`.
- The [configuration](../ref/configuration.md) is loaded from `/etc/headscale/config.yaml`.
- SQLite is used as database.
- The data directory for headscale (used for private keys, ACLs, SQLite database, …) is located in `/var/lib/headscale`.
- URLs and values that need to be replaced by the user are either denoted as `<VALUE_TO_CHANGE>` or use placeholder
values such as `headscale.example.com`.
Please adjust to your local environment accordingly.
[^1]:
The Tailscale client assumes HTTPS on port 443 in certain situations. Serving headscale either via HTTP or via HTTPS
on a port other than 443 is possible but sticking with HTTPS on port 443 is strongly recommended for production
setups. See [issue 2164](https://github.com/juanfont/headscale/issues/2164) for more information.

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@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
# Upgrade an existing installation
An existing headscale installation can be updated to a new version:
- Read the announcement on the [GitHub releases](https://github.com/juanfont/headscale/releases) page for the new
version. It lists the changes of the release along with possible breaking changes.
- **Create a backup of your database.**
- Update headscale to the new version, preferably by following the same installation method.
- Compare and update the [configuration](../ref/configuration.md) file.
- Restart headscale.

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@ -1,8 +1,6 @@
# Connecting an Android client
## Goal
This documentation has the goal of showing how a user can use the official Android [Tailscale](https://tailscale.com) client with `headscale`.
This documentation has the goal of showing how a user can use the official Android [Tailscale](https://tailscale.com) client with headscale.
## Installation

4
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@ -1,8 +1,6 @@
# Connecting an Apple client
## Goal
This documentation has the goal of showing how a user can use the official iOS and macOS [Tailscale](https://tailscale.com) clients with `headscale`.
This documentation has the goal of showing how a user can use the official iOS and macOS [Tailscale](https://tailscale.com) clients with headscale.
!!! info "Instructions on your headscale instance"

6
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@ -1,8 +1,6 @@
# Connecting a Windows client
## Goal
This documentation has the goal of showing how a user can use the official Windows [Tailscale](https://tailscale.com) client with `headscale`.
This documentation has the goal of showing how a user can use the official Windows [Tailscale](https://tailscale.com) client with headscale.
!!! info "Instructions on your headscale instance"
@ -45,7 +43,7 @@ If you are seeing repeated messages like:
[GIN] 2022/02/10 - 16:39:34 | 200 | 1.105306ms | 127.0.0.1 | POST "/machine/redacted"
```
in your `headscale` output, turn on `DEBUG` logging and look for:
in your headscale output, turn on `DEBUG` logging and look for:
```
2022-02-11T00:59:29Z DBG Machine registration has expired. Sending a authurl to register machine=redacted

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# Getting started
This page helps you get started with headscale and provides a few usage examples for the headscale command line tool
`headscale`.
!!! note "Prerequisites"
* Headscale is installed and running as system service. Read the [setup section](../setup/requirements.md) for
installation instructions.
* The configuration file exists and is adjusted to suit your environment, see
[Configuration](../ref/configuration.md) for details.
* The Tailscale client is installed, see [Client and operating system support](../about/clients.md) for more
information.
## Getting help
The `headscale` command line tool provides built-in help. To show available commands along with their arguments and
options, run:
=== "Native"
```shell
# Show help
headscale help
# Show help for a specific command
headscale <COMMAND> --help
```
=== "Container"
```shell
# Show help
docker exec -it headscale \
headscale help
# Show help for a specific command
docker exec -it headscale \
headscale <COMMAND> --help
```
## Manage users
In headscale, a node (also known as machine or device) is always assigned to a specific user, a
[tailnet](https://tailscale.com/kb/1136/tailnet/). Such users can be managed with the `headscale users` command. Invoke
the built-in help for more information: `headscale users --help`.
### Create a user
=== "Native"
```shell
headscale users create <USER>
```
=== "Container"
```shell
docker exec -it headscale \
headscale users create <USER>
```
### List existing users
=== "Native"
```shell
headscale users list
```
=== "Container"
```shell
docker exec -it headscale \
headscale users list
```
## Register a node
One has to register a node first to use headscale as coordination with Tailscale. The following examples work for the
Tailscale client on Linux/BSD operating systems. Alternatively, follow the instructions to connect
[Android](connect/android.md), [Apple](connect/apple.md) or [Windows](connect/windows.md) devices.
### Normal, interactive login
On a client machine, run the `tailscale up` command and provide the FQDN of your headscale instance as argument:
```shell
tailscale up --login-server <YOUR_HEADSCALE_URL>
```
Usually, a browser window with further instructions is opened and contains the value for `<YOUR_MACHINE_KEY>`. Approve
and register the node on your headscale server:
=== "Native"
```shell
headscale nodes register --user <USER> --key <YOUR_MACHINE_KEY>
```
=== "Container"
```shell
docker exec -it headscale \
headscale nodes register --user <USER> --key <YOUR_MACHINE_KEY>
```
### Using a preauthkey
It is also possible to generate a preauthkey and register a node non-interactively. First, generate a preauthkey on the
headscale instance. By default, the key is valid for one hour and can only be used once (see `headscale preauthkeys
--help` for other options):
=== "Native"
```shell
headscale preauthkeys create --user <USER>
```
=== "Container"
```shell
docker exec -it headscale \
headscale preauthkeys create --user <USER>
```
The command returns the preauthkey on success which is used to connect a node to the headscale instance via the
`tailscale up` command:
```shell
tailscale up --login-server <YOUR_HEADSCALE_URL> --authkey <YOUR_AUTH_KEY>
```

73
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@ -66,9 +66,26 @@ exclude_docs: |
plugins:
- search:
separator: '[\s\-,:!=\[\]()"`/]+|\.(?!\d)|&[lg]t;|(?!\b)(?=[A-Z][a-z])'
- macros:
- include-markdown:
- minify:
minify_html: true
- social: {}
- redirects:
redirect_maps:
acls.md: ref/acls.md
android-client.md: usage/connect/android.md
apple-client.md: usage/connect/apple.md
dns-records.md: ref/dns.md
exit-node.md: ref/exit-node.md
faq.md: about/faq.md
iOS-client.md: usage/connect/apple.md#ios
oidc.md: ref/oidc.md
remote-cli.md: ref/remote-cli.md
reverse-proxy.md: ref/integration/reverse-proxy.md
tls.md: ref/tls.md
web-ui.md: ref/integration/web-ui.md
windows-client.md: usage/connect/windows.md
# Customization
extra:
@ -83,6 +100,8 @@ extra:
link: https://github.com/juanfont/headscale/pkgs/container/headscale
- icon: fontawesome/brands/discord
link: https://discord.gg/c84AZQhmpx
headscale:
version: 0.23.0
# Extensions
markdown_extensions:
@ -128,23 +147,39 @@ markdown_extensions:
# Page tree
nav:
- Home: index.md
- FAQ: faq.md
- Getting started:
- Welcome: index.md
- About:
- FAQ: about/faq.md
- Features: about/features.md
- Clients: about/clients.md
- Getting help: about/help.md
- Releases: about/releases.md
- Contributing: about/contributing.md
- Sponsor: about/sponsor.md
- Setup:
- Requirements and Assumptions: setup/requirements.md
- Installation:
- Linux: running-headscale-linux.md
- OpenBSD: running-headscale-openbsd.md
- Container: running-headscale-container.md
- Configuration:
- Web UI: web-ui.md
- OIDC authentication: oidc.md
- Exit node: exit-node.md
- Reverse proxy: reverse-proxy.md
- TLS: tls.md
- ACLs: acls.md
- Custom DNS records: dns-records.md
- Remote CLI: remote-cli.md
- Usage:
- Android: android-client.md
- Apple: apple-client.md
- Windows: windows-client.md
- Official releases: setup/install/official.md
- Community packages: setup/install/community.md
- Container: setup/install/container.md
- Cloud: setup/install/cloud.md
- Build from source: setup/install/source.md
- Upgrade: setup/upgrade.md
- Usage:
- Getting started: usage/getting-started.md
- Connect a node:
- Android: usage/connect/android.md
- Apple: usage/connect/apple.md
- Windows: usage/connect/windows.md
- Reference:
- Configuration: ref/configuration.md
- OIDC authentication: ref/oidc.md
- Exit node: ref/exit-node.md
- TLS: ref/tls.md
- ACLs: ref/acls.md
- DNS: ref/dns.md
- Remote CLI: ref/remote-cli.md
- Integration:
- Reverse proxy: ref/integration/reverse-proxy.md
- Web UI: ref/integration/web-ui.md