package headscale import ( "bytes" "encoding/binary" "encoding/json" "errors" "fmt" "html/template" "io" "net/http" "strings" "time" "github.com/gorilla/mux" "github.com/klauspost/compress/zstd" "github.com/rs/zerolog/log" "gorm.io/gorm" "tailscale.com/tailcfg" "tailscale.com/types/key" ) const ( reservedResponseHeaderSize = 4 RegisterMethodAuthKey = "authkey" RegisterMethodOIDC = "oidc" RegisterMethodCLI = "cli" ErrRegisterMethodCLIDoesNotSupportExpire = Error( "machines registered with CLI does not support expire", ) ) // KeyHandler provides the Headscale pub key // Listens in /key. func (h *Headscale) KeyHandler( writer http.ResponseWriter, req *http.Request, ) { writer.Header().Set("Content-Type", "text/plain; charset=utf-8") writer.WriteHeader(http.StatusOK) _, err := writer.Write([]byte(MachinePublicKeyStripPrefix(h.privateKey.Public()))) if err != nil { log.Error(). Caller(). Err(err). Msg("Failed to write response") } } type registerWebAPITemplateConfig struct { Key string } var registerWebAPITemplate = template.Must( template.New("registerweb").Parse(` Registration - Headscale

headscale

Machine registration

Run the command below in the headscale server to add this machine to your network:

headscale -n NAMESPACE nodes register --key {{.Key}}

`)) // RegisterWebAPI shows a simple message in the browser to point to the CLI // Listens in /register. func (h *Headscale) RegisterWebAPI( writer http.ResponseWriter, req *http.Request, ) { machineKeyStr := req.URL.Query().Get("key") if machineKeyStr == "" { writer.Header().Set("Content-Type", "text/plain; charset=utf-8") writer.WriteHeader(http.StatusBadRequest) _, err := writer.Write([]byte("Wrong params")) if err != nil { log.Error(). Caller(). Err(err). Msg("Failed to write response") } return } var content bytes.Buffer if err := registerWebAPITemplate.Execute(&content, registerWebAPITemplateConfig{ Key: machineKeyStr, }); err != nil { log.Error(). Str("func", "RegisterWebAPI"). Err(err). Msg("Could not render register web API template") writer.Header().Set("Content-Type", "text/plain; charset=utf-8") writer.WriteHeader(http.StatusInternalServerError) _, err = writer.Write([]byte("Could not render register web API template")) if err != nil { log.Error(). Caller(). Err(err). Msg("Failed to write response") } return } writer.Header().Set("Content-Type", "text/html; charset=utf-8") writer.WriteHeader(http.StatusOK) _, err := writer.Write(content.Bytes()) if err != nil { log.Error(). Caller(). Err(err). Msg("Failed to write response") } } // RegistrationHandler handles the actual registration process of a machine // Endpoint /machine/:mkey. func (h *Headscale) RegistrationHandler( writer http.ResponseWriter, req *http.Request, ) { vars := mux.Vars(req) machineKeyStr, ok := vars["mkey"] if !ok || machineKeyStr == "" { log.Error(). Str("handler", "RegistrationHandler"). Msg("No machine ID in request") http.Error(writer, "No machine ID in request", http.StatusBadRequest) return } body, _ := io.ReadAll(req.Body) var machineKey key.MachinePublic err := machineKey.UnmarshalText([]byte(MachinePublicKeyEnsurePrefix(machineKeyStr))) if err != nil { log.Error(). Caller(). Err(err). Msg("Cannot parse machine key") machineRegistrations.WithLabelValues("unknown", "web", "error", "unknown").Inc() http.Error(writer, "Cannot parse machine key", http.StatusBadRequest) return } registerRequest := tailcfg.RegisterRequest{} err = decode(body, ®isterRequest, &machineKey, h.privateKey) if err != nil { log.Error(). Caller(). Err(err). Msg("Cannot decode message") machineRegistrations.WithLabelValues("unknown", "web", "error", "unknown").Inc() http.Error(writer, "Cannot decode message", http.StatusBadRequest) return } now := time.Now().UTC() machine, err := h.GetMachineByMachineKey(machineKey) if errors.Is(err, gorm.ErrRecordNotFound) { log.Info().Str("machine", registerRequest.Hostinfo.Hostname).Msg("New machine") machineKeyStr := MachinePublicKeyStripPrefix(machineKey) // If the machine has AuthKey set, handle registration via PreAuthKeys if registerRequest.Auth.AuthKey != "" { h.handleAuthKey(writer, req, machineKey, registerRequest) return } givenName, err := h.GenerateGivenName(registerRequest.Hostinfo.Hostname) if err != nil { log.Error(). Caller(). Str("func", "RegistrationHandler"). Str("hostinfo.name", registerRequest.Hostinfo.Hostname). Err(err) return } // The machine did not have a key to authenticate, which means // that we rely on a method that calls back some how (OpenID or CLI) // We create the machine and then keep it around until a callback // happens newMachine := Machine{ MachineKey: machineKeyStr, Hostname: registerRequest.Hostinfo.Hostname, GivenName: givenName, NodeKey: NodePublicKeyStripPrefix(registerRequest.NodeKey), LastSeen: &now, Expiry: &time.Time{}, } if !registerRequest.Expiry.IsZero() { log.Trace(). Caller(). Str("machine", registerRequest.Hostinfo.Hostname). Time("expiry", registerRequest.Expiry). Msg("Non-zero expiry time requested") newMachine.Expiry = ®isterRequest.Expiry } h.registrationCache.Set( machineKeyStr, newMachine, registerCacheExpiration, ) h.handleMachineRegistrationNew(writer, req, machineKey, registerRequest) return } // The machine is already registered, so we need to pass through reauth or key update. if machine != nil { // If the NodeKey stored in headscale is the same as the key presented in a registration // request, then we have a node that is either: // - Trying to log out (sending a expiry in the past) // - A valid, registered machine, looking for the node map // - Expired machine wanting to reauthenticate if machine.NodeKey == NodePublicKeyStripPrefix(registerRequest.NodeKey) { // The client sends an Expiry in the past if the client is requesting to expire the key (aka logout) // https://github.com/tailscale/tailscale/blob/main/tailcfg/tailcfg.go#L648 if !registerRequest.Expiry.IsZero() && registerRequest.Expiry.UTC().Before(now) { h.handleMachineLogOut(writer, req, machineKey, *machine) return } // If machine is not expired, and is register, we have a already accepted this machine, // let it proceed with a valid registration if !machine.isExpired() { h.handleMachineValidRegistration(writer, req, machineKey, *machine) return } } // The NodeKey we have matches OldNodeKey, which means this is a refresh after a key expiration if machine.NodeKey == NodePublicKeyStripPrefix(registerRequest.OldNodeKey) && !machine.isExpired() { h.handleMachineRefreshKey(writer, req, machineKey, registerRequest, *machine) return } // The machine has expired h.handleMachineExpired(writer, req, machineKey, registerRequest, *machine) return } } func (h *Headscale) getMapResponse( machineKey key.MachinePublic, mapRequest tailcfg.MapRequest, machine *Machine, ) ([]byte, error) { log.Trace(). Str("func", "getMapResponse"). Str("machine", mapRequest.Hostinfo.Hostname). Msg("Creating Map response") node, err := machine.toNode(h.cfg.BaseDomain, h.cfg.DNSConfig, true) if err != nil { log.Error(). Caller(). Str("func", "getMapResponse"). Err(err). Msg("Cannot convert to node") return nil, err } peers, err := h.getValidPeers(machine) if err != nil { log.Error(). Caller(). Str("func", "getMapResponse"). Err(err). Msg("Cannot fetch peers") return nil, err } profiles := getMapResponseUserProfiles(*machine, peers) nodePeers, err := peers.toNodes(h.cfg.BaseDomain, h.cfg.DNSConfig, true) if err != nil { log.Error(). Caller(). Str("func", "getMapResponse"). Err(err). Msg("Failed to convert peers to Tailscale nodes") return nil, err } dnsConfig := getMapResponseDNSConfig( h.cfg.DNSConfig, h.cfg.BaseDomain, *machine, peers, ) resp := tailcfg.MapResponse{ KeepAlive: false, Node: node, Peers: nodePeers, DNSConfig: dnsConfig, Domain: h.cfg.BaseDomain, PacketFilter: h.aclRules, DERPMap: h.DERPMap, UserProfiles: profiles, Debug: &tailcfg.Debug{ DisableLogTail: !h.cfg.LogTail.Enabled, RandomizeClientPort: h.cfg.RandomizeClientPort, }, } log.Trace(). Str("func", "getMapResponse"). Str("machine", mapRequest.Hostinfo.Hostname). // Interface("payload", resp). Msgf("Generated map response: %s", tailMapResponseToString(resp)) var respBody []byte if mapRequest.Compress == "zstd" { src, err := json.Marshal(resp) if err != nil { log.Error(). Caller(). Str("func", "getMapResponse"). Err(err). Msg("Failed to marshal response for the client") return nil, err } encoder, _ := zstd.NewWriter(nil) srcCompressed := encoder.EncodeAll(src, nil) respBody = h.privateKey.SealTo(machineKey, srcCompressed) } else { respBody, err = encode(resp, &machineKey, h.privateKey) if err != nil { return nil, err } } // declare the incoming size on the first 4 bytes data := make([]byte, reservedResponseHeaderSize) binary.LittleEndian.PutUint32(data, uint32(len(respBody))) data = append(data, respBody...) return data, nil } func (h *Headscale) getMapKeepAliveResponse( machineKey key.MachinePublic, mapRequest tailcfg.MapRequest, ) ([]byte, error) { mapResponse := tailcfg.MapResponse{ KeepAlive: true, } var respBody []byte var err error if mapRequest.Compress == "zstd" { src, err := json.Marshal(mapResponse) if err != nil { log.Error(). Caller(). Str("func", "getMapKeepAliveResponse"). Err(err). Msg("Failed to marshal keepalive response for the client") return nil, err } encoder, _ := zstd.NewWriter(nil) srcCompressed := encoder.EncodeAll(src, nil) respBody = h.privateKey.SealTo(machineKey, srcCompressed) } else { respBody, err = encode(mapResponse, &machineKey, h.privateKey) if err != nil { return nil, err } } data := make([]byte, reservedResponseHeaderSize) binary.LittleEndian.PutUint32(data, uint32(len(respBody))) data = append(data, respBody...) return data, nil } func (h *Headscale) handleMachineLogOut( writer http.ResponseWriter, req *http.Request, machineKey key.MachinePublic, machine Machine, ) { resp := tailcfg.RegisterResponse{} log.Info(). Str("machine", machine.Hostname). Msg("Client requested logout") err := h.ExpireMachine(&machine) if err != nil { log.Error(). Caller(). Str("func", "handleMachineLogOut"). Err(err). Msg("Failed to expire machine") http.Error(writer, "Internal server error", http.StatusInternalServerError) return } resp.AuthURL = "" resp.MachineAuthorized = false resp.User = *machine.Namespace.toUser() respBody, err := encode(resp, &machineKey, h.privateKey) if err != nil { log.Error(). Caller(). Err(err). Msg("Cannot encode message") http.Error(writer, "Internal server error", http.StatusInternalServerError) return } writer.Header().Set("Content-Type", "application/json; charset=utf-8") writer.WriteHeader(http.StatusOK) _, err = writer.Write(respBody) if err != nil { log.Error(). Caller(). Err(err). Msg("Failed to write response") } } func (h *Headscale) handleMachineValidRegistration( writer http.ResponseWriter, req *http.Request, machineKey key.MachinePublic, machine Machine, ) { resp := tailcfg.RegisterResponse{} // The machine registration is valid, respond with redirect to /map log.Debug(). Str("machine", machine.Hostname). Msg("Client is registered and we have the current NodeKey. All clear to /map") resp.AuthURL = "" resp.MachineAuthorized = true resp.User = *machine.Namespace.toUser() resp.Login = *machine.Namespace.toLogin() respBody, err := encode(resp, &machineKey, h.privateKey) if err != nil { log.Error(). Caller(). Err(err). Msg("Cannot encode message") machineRegistrations.WithLabelValues("update", "web", "error", machine.Namespace.Name). Inc() http.Error(writer, "Internal server error", http.StatusInternalServerError) return } machineRegistrations.WithLabelValues("update", "web", "success", machine.Namespace.Name). Inc() writer.Header().Set("Content-Type", "application/json; charset=utf-8") writer.WriteHeader(http.StatusOK) _, err = writer.Write(respBody) if err != nil { log.Error(). Caller(). Err(err). Msg("Failed to write response") } } func (h *Headscale) handleMachineExpired( writer http.ResponseWriter, req *http.Request, machineKey key.MachinePublic, registerRequest tailcfg.RegisterRequest, machine Machine, ) { resp := tailcfg.RegisterResponse{} // The client has registered before, but has expired log.Debug(). Str("machine", machine.Hostname). Msg("Machine registration has expired. Sending a authurl to register") if registerRequest.Auth.AuthKey != "" { h.handleAuthKey(writer, req, machineKey, registerRequest) return } if h.cfg.OIDC.Issuer != "" { resp.AuthURL = fmt.Sprintf("%s/oidc/register/%s", strings.TrimSuffix(h.cfg.ServerURL, "/"), machineKey.String()) } else { resp.AuthURL = fmt.Sprintf("%s/register?key=%s", strings.TrimSuffix(h.cfg.ServerURL, "/"), machineKey.String()) } respBody, err := encode(resp, &machineKey, h.privateKey) if err != nil { log.Error(). Caller(). Err(err). Msg("Cannot encode message") machineRegistrations.WithLabelValues("reauth", "web", "error", machine.Namespace.Name). Inc() http.Error(writer, "Internal server error", http.StatusInternalServerError) return } machineRegistrations.WithLabelValues("reauth", "web", "success", machine.Namespace.Name). Inc() writer.Header().Set("Content-Type", "application/json; charset=utf-8") writer.WriteHeader(http.StatusOK) _, err = writer.Write(respBody) if err != nil { log.Error(). Caller(). Err(err). Msg("Failed to write response") } } func (h *Headscale) handleMachineRefreshKey( writer http.ResponseWriter, req *http.Request, machineKey key.MachinePublic, registerRequest tailcfg.RegisterRequest, machine Machine, ) { resp := tailcfg.RegisterResponse{} log.Debug(). Str("machine", machine.Hostname). Msg("We have the OldNodeKey in the database. This is a key refresh") machine.NodeKey = NodePublicKeyStripPrefix(registerRequest.NodeKey) if err := h.db.Save(&machine).Error; err != nil { log.Error(). Caller(). Err(err). Msg("Failed to update machine key in the database") http.Error(writer, "Internal server error", http.StatusInternalServerError) return } resp.AuthURL = "" resp.User = *machine.Namespace.toUser() respBody, err := encode(resp, &machineKey, h.privateKey) if err != nil { log.Error(). Caller(). Err(err). Msg("Cannot encode message") http.Error(writer, "Internal server error", http.StatusInternalServerError) return } writer.Header().Set("Content-Type", "application/json; charset=utf-8") writer.WriteHeader(http.StatusOK) _, err = writer.Write(respBody) if err != nil { log.Error(). Caller(). Err(err). Msg("Failed to write response") } } func (h *Headscale) handleMachineRegistrationNew( writer http.ResponseWriter, req *http.Request, machineKey key.MachinePublic, registerRequest tailcfg.RegisterRequest, ) { resp := tailcfg.RegisterResponse{} // The machine registration is new, redirect the client to the registration URL log.Debug(). Str("machine", registerRequest.Hostinfo.Hostname). Msg("The node is sending us a new NodeKey, sending auth url") if h.cfg.OIDC.Issuer != "" { resp.AuthURL = fmt.Sprintf( "%s/oidc/register/%s", strings.TrimSuffix(h.cfg.ServerURL, "/"), machineKey.String(), ) } else { resp.AuthURL = fmt.Sprintf("%s/register?key=%s", strings.TrimSuffix(h.cfg.ServerURL, "/"), MachinePublicKeyStripPrefix(machineKey)) } respBody, err := encode(resp, &machineKey, h.privateKey) if err != nil { log.Error(). Caller(). Err(err). Msg("Cannot encode message") http.Error(writer, "Internal server error", http.StatusInternalServerError) return } writer.Header().Set("Content-Type", "application/json; charset=utf-8") writer.WriteHeader(http.StatusOK) _, err = writer.Write(respBody) if err != nil { log.Error(). Caller(). Err(err). Msg("Failed to write response") } } // TODO: check if any locks are needed around IP allocation. func (h *Headscale) handleAuthKey( writer http.ResponseWriter, req *http.Request, machineKey key.MachinePublic, registerRequest tailcfg.RegisterRequest, ) { machineKeyStr := MachinePublicKeyStripPrefix(machineKey) log.Debug(). Str("func", "handleAuthKey"). Str("machine", registerRequest.Hostinfo.Hostname). Msgf("Processing auth key for %s", registerRequest.Hostinfo.Hostname) resp := tailcfg.RegisterResponse{} pak, err := h.checkKeyValidity(registerRequest.Auth.AuthKey) if err != nil { log.Error(). Caller(). Str("func", "handleAuthKey"). Str("machine", registerRequest.Hostinfo.Hostname). Err(err). Msg("Failed authentication via AuthKey") resp.MachineAuthorized = false respBody, err := encode(resp, &machineKey, h.privateKey) if err != nil { log.Error(). Caller(). Str("func", "handleAuthKey"). Str("machine", registerRequest.Hostinfo.Hostname). Err(err). Msg("Cannot encode message") http.Error(writer, "Internal server error", http.StatusInternalServerError) machineRegistrations.WithLabelValues("new", RegisterMethodAuthKey, "error", pak.Namespace.Name). Inc() return } writer.Header().Set("Content-Type", "application/json; charset=utf-8") writer.WriteHeader(http.StatusUnauthorized) _, err = writer.Write(respBody) if err != nil { log.Error(). Caller(). Err(err). Msg("Failed to write response") } log.Error(). Caller(). Str("func", "handleAuthKey"). Str("machine", registerRequest.Hostinfo.Hostname). Msg("Failed authentication via AuthKey") if pak != nil { machineRegistrations.WithLabelValues("new", RegisterMethodAuthKey, "error", pak.Namespace.Name). Inc() } else { machineRegistrations.WithLabelValues("new", RegisterMethodAuthKey, "error", "unknown").Inc() } return } log.Debug(). Str("func", "handleAuthKey"). Str("machine", registerRequest.Hostinfo.Hostname). Msg("Authentication key was valid, proceeding to acquire IP addresses") nodeKey := NodePublicKeyStripPrefix(registerRequest.NodeKey) // retrieve machine information if it exist // The error is not important, because if it does not // exist, then this is a new machine and we will move // on to registration. machine, _ := h.GetMachineByMachineKey(machineKey) if machine != nil { log.Trace(). Caller(). Str("machine", machine.Hostname). Msg("machine already registered, refreshing with new auth key") machine.NodeKey = nodeKey machine.AuthKeyID = uint(pak.ID) err := h.RefreshMachine(machine, registerRequest.Expiry) if err != nil { log.Error(). Caller(). Str("machine", machine.Hostname). Err(err). Msg("Failed to refresh machine") return } } else { now := time.Now().UTC() givenName, err := h.GenerateGivenName(registerRequest.Hostinfo.Hostname) if err != nil { log.Error(). Caller(). Str("func", "RegistrationHandler"). Str("hostinfo.name", registerRequest.Hostinfo.Hostname). Err(err) return } machineToRegister := Machine{ Hostname: registerRequest.Hostinfo.Hostname, GivenName: givenName, NamespaceID: pak.Namespace.ID, MachineKey: machineKeyStr, RegisterMethod: RegisterMethodAuthKey, Expiry: ®isterRequest.Expiry, NodeKey: nodeKey, LastSeen: &now, AuthKeyID: uint(pak.ID), } machine, err = h.RegisterMachine( machineToRegister, ) if err != nil { log.Error(). Caller(). Err(err). Msg("could not register machine") machineRegistrations.WithLabelValues("new", RegisterMethodAuthKey, "error", pak.Namespace.Name). Inc() http.Error(writer, "Internal server error", http.StatusInternalServerError) return } } err = h.UsePreAuthKey(pak) if err != nil { log.Error(). Caller(). Err(err). Msg("Failed to use pre-auth key") machineRegistrations.WithLabelValues("new", RegisterMethodAuthKey, "error", pak.Namespace.Name). Inc() http.Error(writer, "Internal server error", http.StatusInternalServerError) return } resp.MachineAuthorized = true resp.User = *pak.Namespace.toUser() respBody, err := encode(resp, &machineKey, h.privateKey) if err != nil { log.Error(). Caller(). Str("func", "handleAuthKey"). Str("machine", registerRequest.Hostinfo.Hostname). Err(err). Msg("Cannot encode message") machineRegistrations.WithLabelValues("new", RegisterMethodAuthKey, "error", pak.Namespace.Name). Inc() http.Error(writer, "Internal server error", http.StatusInternalServerError) return } machineRegistrations.WithLabelValues("new", RegisterMethodAuthKey, "success", pak.Namespace.Name). Inc() writer.Header().Set("Content-Type", "application/json; charset=utf-8") writer.WriteHeader(http.StatusOK) _, err = writer.Write(respBody) if err != nil { log.Error(). Caller(). Err(err). Msg("Failed to write response") } log.Info(). Str("func", "handleAuthKey"). Str("machine", registerRequest.Hostinfo.Hostname). Str("ips", strings.Join(machine.IPAddresses.ToStringSlice(), ", ")). Msg("Successfully authenticated via AuthKey") }