Fix printing on Mac desktop (#5920)

# Description of Changes
Fix #5164 

As I mentioned on the bug
https://github.com/Stirling-Tools/Stirling-PDF/issues/5164#issuecomment-4045170827,
it's impossible to print on Mac currently because
`iframe.contentWindow?.print()` silently does nothing in Tauri on Mac,
but [it seems unlikely that this will be
fixed](https://github.com/tauri-apps/tauri/issues/13451#issuecomment-4048075861).

Instead, I've linked directly to the Mac `PDFKit` framework in Rust to
use its printing functionality instead of Safari's. I believe that
`PDFKit` is what `Preview.app` is using and the print UI that it
generates seems to perform identically, so this should solve the issue
on Mac. Hopefully one day the TS iframe print API will be fixed and
we'll be able to get rid of this code, or [there'll be an official Tauri
plugin for printing which we can use
instead](https://github.com/tauri-apps/plugins-workspace/issues/293).

This implementation should be entirely Mac-specific. Windows & Linux
will continue to use their TS printing (which comes from EmbedPDF)
unless we have a good reason to change them to use a native solution as
well.

frontend/config/.env.desktop.example

@@ -7,5 +7,3 @@ VITE_DESKTOP_BACKEND_URL=
 # Desktop auth integration
 VITE_SAAS_SERVER_URL=https://auth.stirling.com
 VITE_SAAS_BACKEND_API_URL=https://api2.stirling.com
-VITE_SUPABASE_PUBLISHABLE_DEFAULT_KEY=sb_publishable_UHz2SVRF5mvdrPHWkRteyA_yNlZTkYb
-VITE_SUPABASE_URL=https://rficokptxxxxtyzcvgmx.supabase.co

frontend/src-tauri/Cargo.lock

@@ -2637,6 +2637,20 @@ dependencies = [
  "objc2-core-foundation",
 ]
 
+[[package]]
+name = "objc2-pdf-kit"
+version = "0.3.2"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "c14ed801ae810c6ba487cedd7616bb48f9a8e37940042f57e862538e2c7db117"
+dependencies = [
+ "bitflags 2.11.0",
+ "objc2",
+ "objc2-app-kit",
+ "objc2-core-foundation",
+ "objc2-core-graphics",
+ "objc2-foundation",
+]
+
 [[package]]
 name = "objc2-quartz-core"
 version = "0.3.2"
@@ -4190,6 +4204,10 @@ dependencies = [
  "core-services",
  "keyring",
  "log",
+ "objc2",
+ "objc2-app-kit",
+ "objc2-foundation",
+ "objc2-pdf-kit",
  "rand 0.9.2",
  "reqwest 0.12.28",
  "serde",

frontend/src-tauri/Cargo.toml

@@ -49,6 +49,10 @@ rand = "0.9"
 [target.'cfg(target_os = "macos")'.dependencies]
 core-foundation = "0.10"
 core-services = "1.0"
+objc2 = "0.6.4"
+objc2-app-kit = { version = "0.3.2", features = ["NSPrintInfo", "NSPrintOperation"] }
+objc2-foundation = { version = "0.3.2", features = ["NSObject", "NSString", "NSURL"] }
+objc2-pdf-kit = { version = "0.3.2", features = ["PDFDocument", "objc2-app-kit"] }
 
 [target.'cfg(target_os = "windows")'.dependencies]
 windows = { version = "0.58", features = [

frontend/src-tauri/src/commands/mod.rs

@@ -3,6 +3,8 @@ pub mod files;
 pub mod connection;
 pub mod auth;
 pub mod default_app;
+pub mod platform;
+pub mod print;
 
 pub use backend::{cleanup_backend, get_backend_port, start_backend};
 pub use files::{add_opened_file, clear_opened_files, get_opened_files, pop_opened_files};
@@ -26,3 +28,5 @@ pub use auth::{
     start_oauth_login,
 };
 pub use default_app::{is_default_pdf_handler, set_as_default_pdf_handler};
+pub use platform::get_desktop_os;
+pub use print::print_pdf_file_native;

frontend/src-tauri/src/commands/platform.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+use serde::Serialize;
+
+#[derive(Clone, Copy, Debug, Eq, PartialEq, Serialize)]
+#[serde(rename_all = "lowercase")]
+pub enum DesktopOS {
+    MacOS,
+    Windows,
+    Linux,
+    Unknown,
+}
+
+#[tauri::command]
+pub fn get_desktop_os() -> DesktopOS {
+    match std::env::consts::OS {
+        "macos" => DesktopOS::MacOS,
+        "windows" => DesktopOS::Windows,
+        "linux" => DesktopOS::Linux,
+        _ => DesktopOS::Unknown,
+    }
+}

frontend/src-tauri/src/commands/print.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,68 @@
+#[cfg(target_os = "macos")]
+mod macos {
+    use std::path::Path;
+    use std::sync::mpsc;
+
+    use objc2::rc::autoreleasepool;
+    use objc2::AnyThread;
+    use objc2_app_kit::NSPrintInfo;
+    use objc2_foundation::{MainThreadMarker, NSString, NSURL};
+    use objc2_pdf_kit::{PDFDocument, PDFPrintScalingMode};
+    use tauri::AppHandle;
+
+    #[tauri::command]
+    pub fn print_pdf_file_native(app: AppHandle, file_path: String, title: Option<String>) -> Result<(), String> {
+        if !Path::new(&file_path).exists() {
+            return Err(format!("Print file does not exist: {}", file_path));
+        }
+
+        let (sender, receiver) = mpsc::channel();
+        app.run_on_main_thread(move || {
+            let result = autoreleasepool(|_| {
+                let mtm = MainThreadMarker::new()
+                    .ok_or_else(|| "macOS print must run on the main thread".to_string())?;
+
+                let path_string = NSString::from_str(&file_path);
+                let file_url = NSURL::fileURLWithPath(&path_string);
+                let document = unsafe { PDFDocument::initWithURL(PDFDocument::alloc(), &file_url) }
+                    .ok_or_else(|| format!("Failed to load PDF for printing: {}", file_path))?;
+
+                let print_info = NSPrintInfo::sharedPrintInfo();
+                let print_operation = unsafe {
+                    document
+                        .printOperationForPrintInfo_scalingMode_autoRotate(
+                            Some(&print_info),
+                            PDFPrintScalingMode::PageScaleDownToFit,
+                            true,
+                            mtm,
+                        )
+                }
+                .ok_or_else(|| "PDFKit did not create a print operation".to_string())?;
+
+                if let Some(job_title) = title.as_deref() {
+                    print_operation.setJobTitle(Some(&NSString::from_str(job_title)));
+                }
+
+                print_operation.setShowsPrintPanel(true);
+                print_operation.setShowsProgressPanel(true);
+                let _ = print_operation.runOperation();
+                Ok(())
+            });
+
+            let _ = sender.send(result);
+        }).map_err(|error| error.to_string())?;
+
+        receiver
+            .recv()
+            .map_err(|error| error.to_string())?
+    }
+}
+
+#[cfg(target_os = "macos")]
+pub use macos::print_pdf_file_native;
+
+#[cfg(not(target_os = "macos"))]
+#[tauri::command]
+pub fn print_pdf_file_native(_file_path: String, _title: Option<String>) -> Result<(), String> {
+    Err("Native PDF printing is only implemented on macOS".to_string())
+}

frontend/src-tauri/src/lib.rs

@@ -27,6 +27,8 @@ use commands::{
     save_user_info,
     set_connection_mode,
     set_as_default_pdf_handler,
+    get_desktop_os,
+    print_pdf_file_native,
     start_backend,
     start_oauth_login,
 };
@@ -163,6 +165,8 @@ pub fn run() {
       get_user_info,
       clear_user_info,
       start_oauth_login,
+      get_desktop_os,
+      print_pdf_file_native,
     ])
     .build(tauri::generate_context!())
     .expect("error while building tauri application")

frontend/src/core/components/viewer/LocalEmbedPDF.tsx

@@ -685,7 +685,11 @@ export function LocalEmbedPDF({ file, url, fileName, enableAnnotations = false,
         <ExportAPIBridge />
         <BookmarkAPIBridge />
         <AttachmentAPIBridge />
-        <PrintAPIBridge />
+        <PrintAPIBridge
+          file={file}
+          url={pdfUrl}
+          fileName={fileName}
+        />
         <DocumentPermissionsAPIBridge />
         <DocumentReadyWrapper
           fallback={

frontend/src/core/components/viewer/PrintAPIBridge.tsx

@@ -3,10 +3,16 @@ import { usePrintCapability } from '@embedpdf/plugin-print/react';
 import { useViewer } from '@app/contexts/ViewerContext';
 import { useDocumentReady } from '@app/components/viewer/hooks/useDocumentReady';
 
+export interface PrintAPIBridgeProps {
+  file?: File | Blob;
+  url?: string | null;
+  fileName?: string;
+}
+
 /**
  * Connects the PDF print plugin to the shared ViewerContext.
  */
-export function PrintAPIBridge() {
+export function PrintAPIBridge(_props: PrintAPIBridgeProps) {
   const { provides: print } = usePrintCapability();
   const { registerBridge } = useViewer();
   const documentReady = useDocumentReady();

frontend/src/desktop/components/viewer/PrintAPIBridge.tsx

@@ -0,0 +1,44 @@
+import { useEffect } from 'react';
+import { usePrintCapability } from '@embedpdf/plugin-print/react';
+import { useViewer } from '@app/contexts/ViewerContext';
+import { useDocumentReady } from '@app/components/viewer/hooks/useDocumentReady';
+import { printPdfNatively } from '@app/services/nativePrintService';
+import { DesktopOs, getDesktopOs } from '@app/services/platformService';
+import { PrintAPIBridgeProps } from "@core/components/viewer/PrintAPIBridge";
+
+export function PrintAPIBridge({ file, url, fileName }: PrintAPIBridgeProps) {
+  const { provides: print } = usePrintCapability();
+  const { registerBridge } = useViewer();
+  const documentReady = useDocumentReady();
+
+  useEffect(() => {
+    if (documentReady) {
+      registerBridge('print', {
+        state: {},
+        api: {
+          print: () => {
+            void (async () => {
+              // macOS desktop uses a native print path because Tauri/WKWebView does not
+              // reliably support iframe-based PDF printing yet:
+              // https://github.com/tauri-apps/tauri/issues/13451#issuecomment-4045138142
+              if ((await getDesktopOs()) === DesktopOs.Mac) {
+                await printPdfNatively(file, url, fileName);
+                return;
+              }
+
+              print?.print?.();
+            })().catch((error) => {
+              console.error('[Desktop Print] Print failed', error);
+            });
+          },
+        }
+      });
+    }
+
+    return () => {
+      registerBridge('print', null);
+    };
+  }, [documentReady, file, fileName, print, registerBridge, url]);
+
+  return null;
+}

frontend/src/desktop/services/nativePrintService.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,56 @@
+import { invoke } from "@tauri-apps/api/core";
+
+function sanitizeFileName(fileName: string) {
+  const cleaned = fileName.replace(/[^A-Za-z0-9._-]+/g, "_");
+  if (!cleaned.toLowerCase().endsWith(".pdf")) {
+    return `${cleaned || "document"}.pdf`;
+  }
+  return cleaned || "document.pdf";
+}
+
+async function resolvePdfSource(file?: File | Blob, url?: string | null) {
+  if (file) {
+    return file;
+  }
+
+  if (!url) {
+    return null;
+  }
+
+  const response = await fetch(url);
+  if (!response.ok) {
+    throw new Error(`Failed to load PDF for native print (${response.status})`);
+  }
+
+  return response.blob();
+}
+
+export async function printPdfNatively(file?: File | Blob, url?: string | null, fileName = "document.pdf") {
+  const source = await resolvePdfSource(file, url);
+  if (!source) {
+    throw new Error("No PDF source available for native print");
+  }
+
+  const { tempDir, join } = await import("@tauri-apps/api/path");
+  const { remove, writeFile } = await import("@tauri-apps/plugin-fs");
+
+  const tempPath = await join(
+    await tempDir(),
+    `stirling-print-${crypto.randomUUID()}-${sanitizeFileName(fileName)}`,
+  );
+
+  await writeFile(tempPath, new Uint8Array(await source.arrayBuffer()));
+
+  try {
+    await invoke("print_pdf_file_native", {
+      filePath: tempPath,
+      title: fileName,
+    });
+  } finally {
+    try {
+      await remove(tempPath);
+    } catch (error) {
+      console.warn("[Desktop Print] Failed to clean up temp print file", error);
+    }
+  }
+}

frontend/src/desktop/services/platformService.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+import { invoke } from "@tauri-apps/api/core";
+
+export enum DesktopOs {
+  Mac = "macos",
+  Windows = "windows",
+  Linux = "linux",
+  Unknown = "unknown",
+}
+
+let desktopOsPromise: Promise<DesktopOs> | null = null;
+
+export async function getDesktopOs() {
+  if (!desktopOsPromise) {
+    desktopOsPromise = invoke<DesktopOs>("get_desktop_os");
+  }
+
+  return desktopOsPromise;
+}