blakeblackshear.frigate/frigate/util.py

import copy
import datetime
import logging
import shlex
import subprocess as sp
import json
import re
import signal
import traceback
import urllib.parse
import yaml
import os

from abc import ABC, abstractmethod
from collections import Counter
from collections.abc import Mapping
from multiprocessing import shared_memory
from typing import Any, AnyStr, Optional, Tuple
import py3nvml.py3nvml as nvml

import cv2
import numpy as np
import os
import psutil
import pytz

from frigate.const import REGEX_HTTP_CAMERA_USER_PASS, REGEX_RTSP_CAMERA_USER_PASS

logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)


def deep_merge(dct1: dict, dct2: dict, override=False, merge_lists=False) -> dict:
    """
    :param dct1: First dict to merge
    :param dct2: Second dict to merge
    :param override: if same key exists in both dictionaries, should override? otherwise ignore. (default=True)
    :return: The merge dictionary
    """
    merged = copy.deepcopy(dct1)
    for k, v2 in dct2.items():
        if k in merged:
            v1 = merged[k]
            if isinstance(v1, dict) and isinstance(v2, Mapping):
                merged[k] = deep_merge(v1, v2, override)
            elif isinstance(v1, list) and isinstance(v2, list):
                if merge_lists:
                    merged[k] = v1 + v2
            else:
                if override:
                    merged[k] = copy.deepcopy(v2)
        else:
            merged[k] = copy.deepcopy(v2)
    return merged


def load_config_with_no_duplicates(raw_config) -> dict:
    """Get config ensuring duplicate keys are not allowed."""

    # https://stackoverflow.com/a/71751051
    class PreserveDuplicatesLoader(yaml.loader.Loader):
        pass

    def map_constructor(loader, node, deep=False):
        keys = [loader.construct_object(node, deep=deep) for node, _ in node.value]
        vals = [loader.construct_object(node, deep=deep) for _, node in node.value]
        key_count = Counter(keys)
        data = {}
        for key, val in zip(keys, vals):
            if key_count[key] > 1:
                raise ValueError(
                    f"Config input {key} is defined multiple times for the same field, this is not allowed."
                )
            else:
                data[key] = val
        return data

    PreserveDuplicatesLoader.add_constructor(
        yaml.resolver.BaseResolver.DEFAULT_MAPPING_TAG, map_constructor
    )
    return yaml.load(raw_config, PreserveDuplicatesLoader)


def draw_timestamp(
    frame,
    timestamp,
    timestamp_format,
    font_effect=None,
    font_thickness=2,
    font_color=(255, 255, 255),
    position="tl",
):
    time_to_show = datetime.datetime.fromtimestamp(timestamp).strftime(timestamp_format)

    # calculate a dynamic font size
    size = cv2.getTextSize(
        time_to_show,
        cv2.FONT_HERSHEY_SIMPLEX,
        fontScale=1.0,
        thickness=font_thickness,
    )

    text_width = size[0][0]
    desired_size = max(150, 0.33 * frame.shape[1])
    font_scale = desired_size / text_width

    # calculate the actual size with the dynamic scale
    size = cv2.getTextSize(
        time_to_show,
        cv2.FONT_HERSHEY_SIMPLEX,
        fontScale=font_scale,
        thickness=font_thickness,
    )

    image_width = frame.shape[1]
    image_height = frame.shape[0]
    text_width = size[0][0]
    text_height = size[0][1]
    line_height = text_height + size[1]

    if position == "tl":
        text_offset_x = 0
        text_offset_y = 0 if 0 < line_height else 0 - (line_height + 8)
    elif position == "tr":
        text_offset_x = image_width - text_width
        text_offset_y = 0 if 0 < line_height else 0 - (line_height + 8)
    elif position == "bl":
        text_offset_x = 0
        text_offset_y = image_height - (line_height + 8)
    elif position == "br":
        text_offset_x = image_width - text_width
        text_offset_y = image_height - (line_height + 8)

    if font_effect == "solid":
        # make the coords of the box with a small padding of two pixels
        timestamp_box_coords = np.array(
            [
                [text_offset_x, text_offset_y],
                [text_offset_x + text_width, text_offset_y],
                [text_offset_x + text_width, text_offset_y + line_height + 8],
                [text_offset_x, text_offset_y + line_height + 8],
            ]
        )

        cv2.fillPoly(
            frame,
            [timestamp_box_coords],
            # inverse color of text for background for max. contrast
            (255 - font_color[0], 255 - font_color[1], 255 - font_color[2]),
        )
    elif font_effect == "shadow":
        cv2.putText(
            frame,
            time_to_show,
            (text_offset_x + 3, text_offset_y + line_height),
            cv2.FONT_HERSHEY_SIMPLEX,
            fontScale=font_scale,
            color=(255 - font_color[0], 255 - font_color[1], 255 - font_color[2]),
            thickness=font_thickness,
        )

    cv2.putText(
        frame,
        time_to_show,
        (text_offset_x, text_offset_y + line_height - 3),
        cv2.FONT_HERSHEY_SIMPLEX,
        fontScale=font_scale,
        color=font_color,
        thickness=font_thickness,
    )


def draw_box_with_label(
    frame,
    x_min,
    y_min,
    x_max,
    y_max,
    label,
    info,
    thickness=2,
    color=None,
    position="ul",
):
    if color is None:
        color = (0, 0, 255)
    display_text = "{}: {}".format(label, info)
    cv2.rectangle(frame, (x_min, y_min), (x_max, y_max), color, thickness)
    font_scale = 0.5
    font = cv2.FONT_HERSHEY_SIMPLEX
    # get the width and height of the text box
    size = cv2.getTextSize(display_text, font, fontScale=font_scale, thickness=2)
    text_width = size[0][0]
    text_height = size[0][1]
    line_height = text_height + size[1]
    # set the text start position
    if position == "ul":
        text_offset_x = x_min
        text_offset_y = 0 if y_min < line_height else y_min - (line_height + 8)
    elif position == "ur":
        text_offset_x = x_max - (text_width + 8)
        text_offset_y = 0 if y_min < line_height else y_min - (line_height + 8)
    elif position == "bl":
        text_offset_x = x_min
        text_offset_y = y_max
    elif position == "br":
        text_offset_x = x_max - (text_width + 8)
        text_offset_y = y_max
    # make the coords of the box with a small padding of two pixels
    textbox_coords = (
        (text_offset_x, text_offset_y),
        (text_offset_x + text_width + 2, text_offset_y + line_height),
    )
    cv2.rectangle(frame, textbox_coords[0], textbox_coords[1], color, cv2.FILLED)
    cv2.putText(
        frame,
        display_text,
        (text_offset_x, text_offset_y + line_height - 3),
        font,
        fontScale=font_scale,
        color=(0, 0, 0),
        thickness=2,
    )


def calculate_region(frame_shape, xmin, ymin, xmax, ymax, model_size, multiplier=2):
    # size is the longest edge and divisible by 4
    size = int((max(xmax - xmin, ymax - ymin) * multiplier) // 4 * 4)
    # dont go any smaller than the model_size
    if size < model_size:
        size = model_size

    # x_offset is midpoint of bounding box minus half the size
    x_offset = int((xmax - xmin) / 2.0 + xmin - size / 2.0)
    # if outside the image
    if x_offset < 0:
        x_offset = 0
    elif x_offset > (frame_shape[1] - size):
        x_offset = max(0, (frame_shape[1] - size))

    # y_offset is midpoint of bounding box minus half the size
    y_offset = int((ymax - ymin) / 2.0 + ymin - size / 2.0)
    # # if outside the image
    if y_offset < 0:
        y_offset = 0
    elif y_offset > (frame_shape[0] - size):
        y_offset = max(0, (frame_shape[0] - size))

    return (x_offset, y_offset, x_offset + size, y_offset + size)


def get_yuv_crop(frame_shape, crop):
    # crop should be (x1,y1,x2,y2)
    frame_height = frame_shape[0] // 3 * 2
    frame_width = frame_shape[1]

    # compute the width/height of the uv channels
    uv_width = frame_width // 2  # width of the uv channels
    uv_height = frame_height // 4  # height of the uv channels

    # compute the offset for upper left corner of the uv channels
    uv_x_offset = crop[0] // 2  # x offset of the uv channels
    uv_y_offset = crop[1] // 4  # y offset of the uv channels

    # compute the width/height of the uv crops
    uv_crop_width = (crop[2] - crop[0]) // 2  # width of the cropped uv channels
    uv_crop_height = (crop[3] - crop[1]) // 4  # height of the cropped uv channels

    # ensure crop dimensions are multiples of 2 and 4
    y = (crop[0], crop[1], crop[0] + uv_crop_width * 2, crop[1] + uv_crop_height * 4)

    u1 = (
        0 + uv_x_offset,
        frame_height + uv_y_offset,
        0 + uv_x_offset + uv_crop_width,
        frame_height + uv_y_offset + uv_crop_height,
    )

    u2 = (
        uv_width + uv_x_offset,
        frame_height + uv_y_offset,
        uv_width + uv_x_offset + uv_crop_width,
        frame_height + uv_y_offset + uv_crop_height,
    )

    v1 = (
        0 + uv_x_offset,
        frame_height + uv_height + uv_y_offset,
        0 + uv_x_offset + uv_crop_width,
        frame_height + uv_height + uv_y_offset + uv_crop_height,
    )

    v2 = (
        uv_width + uv_x_offset,
        frame_height + uv_height + uv_y_offset,
        uv_width + uv_x_offset + uv_crop_width,
        frame_height + uv_height + uv_y_offset + uv_crop_height,
    )

    return y, u1, u2, v1, v2


def yuv_crop_and_resize(frame, region, height=None):
    # Crops and resizes a YUV frame while maintaining aspect ratio
    # https://stackoverflow.com/a/57022634
    height = frame.shape[0] // 3 * 2
    width = frame.shape[1]

    # get the crop box if the region extends beyond the frame
    crop_x1 = max(0, region[0])
    crop_y1 = max(0, region[1])
    # ensure these are a multiple of 4
    crop_x2 = min(width, region[2])
    crop_y2 = min(height, region[3])
    crop_box = (crop_x1, crop_y1, crop_x2, crop_y2)

    y, u1, u2, v1, v2 = get_yuv_crop(frame.shape, crop_box)

    # if the region starts outside the frame, indent the start point in the cropped frame
    y_channel_x_offset = abs(min(0, region[0]))
    y_channel_y_offset = abs(min(0, region[1]))

    uv_channel_x_offset = y_channel_x_offset // 2
    uv_channel_y_offset = y_channel_y_offset // 4

    # create the yuv region frame
    # make sure the size is a multiple of 4
    # TODO: this should be based on the size after resize now
    size = (region[3] - region[1]) // 4 * 4
    yuv_cropped_frame = np.zeros((size + size // 2, size), np.uint8)
    # fill in black
    yuv_cropped_frame[:] = 128
    yuv_cropped_frame[0:size, 0:size] = 16

    # copy the y channel
    yuv_cropped_frame[
        y_channel_y_offset : y_channel_y_offset + y[3] - y[1],
        y_channel_x_offset : y_channel_x_offset + y[2] - y[0],
    ] = frame[y[1] : y[3], y[0] : y[2]]

    uv_crop_width = u1[2] - u1[0]
    uv_crop_height = u1[3] - u1[1]

    # copy u1
    yuv_cropped_frame[
        size + uv_channel_y_offset : size + uv_channel_y_offset + uv_crop_height,
        0 + uv_channel_x_offset : 0 + uv_channel_x_offset + uv_crop_width,
    ] = frame[u1[1] : u1[3], u1[0] : u1[2]]

    # copy u2
    yuv_cropped_frame[
        size + uv_channel_y_offset : size + uv_channel_y_offset + uv_crop_height,
        size // 2
        + uv_channel_x_offset : size // 2
        + uv_channel_x_offset
        + uv_crop_width,
    ] = frame[u2[1] : u2[3], u2[0] : u2[2]]

    # copy v1
    yuv_cropped_frame[
        size
        + size // 4
        + uv_channel_y_offset : size
        + size // 4
        + uv_channel_y_offset
        + uv_crop_height,
        0 + uv_channel_x_offset : 0 + uv_channel_x_offset + uv_crop_width,
    ] = frame[v1[1] : v1[3], v1[0] : v1[2]]

    # copy v2
    yuv_cropped_frame[
        size
        + size // 4
        + uv_channel_y_offset : size
        + size // 4
        + uv_channel_y_offset
        + uv_crop_height,
        size // 2
        + uv_channel_x_offset : size // 2
        + uv_channel_x_offset
        + uv_crop_width,
    ] = frame[v2[1] : v2[3], v2[0] : v2[2]]

    return yuv_cropped_frame


def yuv_to_3_channel_yuv(yuv_frame):
    height = yuv_frame.shape[0] // 3 * 2
    width = yuv_frame.shape[1]

    # flatten the image into array
    yuv_data = yuv_frame.ravel()

    # create a numpy array to hold all the 3 chanel yuv data
    all_yuv_data = np.empty((height, width, 3), dtype=np.uint8)

    y_count = height * width
    uv_count = y_count // 4

    # copy the y_channel
    all_yuv_data[:, :, 0] = yuv_data[0:y_count].reshape((height, width))
    # copy the u channel doubling each dimension
    all_yuv_data[:, :, 1] = np.repeat(
        np.reshape(
            np.repeat(yuv_data[y_count : y_count + uv_count], repeats=2, axis=0),
            (height // 2, width),
        ),
        repeats=2,
        axis=0,
    )
    # copy the v channel doubling each dimension
    all_yuv_data[:, :, 2] = np.repeat(
        np.reshape(
            np.repeat(
                yuv_data[y_count + uv_count : y_count + uv_count + uv_count],
                repeats=2,
                axis=0,
            ),
            (height // 2, width),
        ),
        repeats=2,
        axis=0,
    )

    return all_yuv_data


def copy_yuv_to_position(
    destination_frame,
    destination_offset,
    destination_shape,
    source_frame=None,
    source_channel_dim=None,
):
    # get the coordinates of the channels for this position in the layout
    y, u1, u2, v1, v2 = get_yuv_crop(
        destination_frame.shape,
        (
            destination_offset[1],
            destination_offset[0],
            destination_offset[1] + destination_shape[1],
            destination_offset[0] + destination_shape[0],
        ),
    )

    # clear y
    destination_frame[
        y[1] : y[3],
        y[0] : y[2],
    ] = 16

    # clear u1
    destination_frame[u1[1] : u1[3], u1[0] : u1[2]] = 128
    # clear u2
    destination_frame[u2[1] : u2[3], u2[0] : u2[2]] = 128
    # clear v1
    destination_frame[v1[1] : v1[3], v1[0] : v1[2]] = 128
    # clear v2
    destination_frame[v2[1] : v2[3], v2[0] : v2[2]] = 128

    if not source_frame is None:
        # calculate the resized frame, maintaining the aspect ratio
        source_aspect_ratio = source_frame.shape[1] / (source_frame.shape[0] // 3 * 2)
        dest_aspect_ratio = destination_shape[1] / destination_shape[0]

        if source_aspect_ratio <= dest_aspect_ratio:
            y_resize_height = int(destination_shape[0] // 4 * 4)
            y_resize_width = int((y_resize_height * source_aspect_ratio) // 4 * 4)
        else:
            y_resize_width = int(destination_shape[1] // 4 * 4)
            y_resize_height = int((y_resize_width / source_aspect_ratio) // 4 * 4)

        uv_resize_width = int(y_resize_width // 2)
        uv_resize_height = int(y_resize_height // 4)

        y_y_offset = int((destination_shape[0] - y_resize_height) / 4 // 4 * 4)
        y_x_offset = int((destination_shape[1] - y_resize_width) / 2 // 4 * 4)

        uv_y_offset = y_y_offset // 4
        uv_x_offset = y_x_offset // 2

        interpolation = cv2.INTER_LINEAR
        # resize/copy y channel
        destination_frame[
            y[1] + y_y_offset : y[1] + y_y_offset + y_resize_height,
            y[0] + y_x_offset : y[0] + y_x_offset + y_resize_width,
        ] = cv2.resize(
            source_frame[
                source_channel_dim["y"][1] : source_channel_dim["y"][3],
                source_channel_dim["y"][0] : source_channel_dim["y"][2],
            ],
            dsize=(y_resize_width, y_resize_height),
            interpolation=interpolation,
        )

        # resize/copy u1
        destination_frame[
            u1[1] + uv_y_offset : u1[1] + uv_y_offset + uv_resize_height,
            u1[0] + uv_x_offset : u1[0] + uv_x_offset + uv_resize_width,
        ] = cv2.resize(
            source_frame[
                source_channel_dim["u1"][1] : source_channel_dim["u1"][3],
                source_channel_dim["u1"][0] : source_channel_dim["u1"][2],
            ],
            dsize=(uv_resize_width, uv_resize_height),
            interpolation=interpolation,
        )
        # resize/copy u2
        destination_frame[
            u2[1] + uv_y_offset : u2[1] + uv_y_offset + uv_resize_height,
            u2[0] + uv_x_offset : u2[0] + uv_x_offset + uv_resize_width,
        ] = cv2.resize(
            source_frame[
                source_channel_dim["u2"][1] : source_channel_dim["u2"][3],
                source_channel_dim["u2"][0] : source_channel_dim["u2"][2],
            ],
            dsize=(uv_resize_width, uv_resize_height),
            interpolation=interpolation,
        )
        # resize/copy v1
        destination_frame[
            v1[1] + uv_y_offset : v1[1] + uv_y_offset + uv_resize_height,
            v1[0] + uv_x_offset : v1[0] + uv_x_offset + uv_resize_width,
        ] = cv2.resize(
            source_frame[
                source_channel_dim["v1"][1] : source_channel_dim["v1"][3],
                source_channel_dim["v1"][0] : source_channel_dim["v1"][2],
            ],
            dsize=(uv_resize_width, uv_resize_height),
            interpolation=interpolation,
        )
        # resize/copy v2
        destination_frame[
            v2[1] + uv_y_offset : v2[1] + uv_y_offset + uv_resize_height,
            v2[0] + uv_x_offset : v2[0] + uv_x_offset + uv_resize_width,
        ] = cv2.resize(
            source_frame[
                source_channel_dim["v2"][1] : source_channel_dim["v2"][3],
                source_channel_dim["v2"][0] : source_channel_dim["v2"][2],
            ],
            dsize=(uv_resize_width, uv_resize_height),
            interpolation=interpolation,
        )


def yuv_region_2_yuv(frame, region):
    try:
        # TODO: does this copy the numpy array?
        yuv_cropped_frame = yuv_crop_and_resize(frame, region)
        return yuv_to_3_channel_yuv(yuv_cropped_frame)
    except:
        print(f"frame.shape: {frame.shape}")
        print(f"region: {region}")
        raise


def yuv_region_2_rgb(frame, region):
    try:
        # TODO: does this copy the numpy array?
        yuv_cropped_frame = yuv_crop_and_resize(frame, region)
        return cv2.cvtColor(yuv_cropped_frame, cv2.COLOR_YUV2RGB_I420)
    except:
        print(f"frame.shape: {frame.shape}")
        print(f"region: {region}")
        raise


def yuv_region_2_bgr(frame, region):
    try:
        yuv_cropped_frame = yuv_crop_and_resize(frame, region)
        return cv2.cvtColor(yuv_cropped_frame, cv2.COLOR_YUV2BGR_I420)
    except:
        print(f"frame.shape: {frame.shape}")
        print(f"region: {region}")
        raise


def intersection(box_a, box_b):
    return (
        max(box_a[0], box_b[0]),
        max(box_a[1], box_b[1]),
        min(box_a[2], box_b[2]),
        min(box_a[3], box_b[3]),
    )


def area(box):
    return (box[2] - box[0] + 1) * (box[3] - box[1] + 1)


def intersection_over_union(box_a, box_b):
    # determine the (x, y)-coordinates of the intersection rectangle
    intersect = intersection(box_a, box_b)

    # compute the area of intersection rectangle
    inter_area = max(0, intersect[2] - intersect[0] + 1) * max(
        0, intersect[3] - intersect[1] + 1
    )

    if inter_area == 0:
        return 0.0

    # compute the area of both the prediction and ground-truth
    # rectangles
    box_a_area = (box_a[2] - box_a[0] + 1) * (box_a[3] - box_a[1] + 1)
    box_b_area = (box_b[2] - box_b[0] + 1) * (box_b[3] - box_b[1] + 1)

    # compute the intersection over union by taking the intersection
    # area and dividing it by the sum of prediction + ground-truth
    # areas - the interesection area
    iou = inter_area / float(box_a_area + box_b_area - inter_area)

    # return the intersection over union value
    return iou


def clipped(obj, frame_shape):
    # if the object is within 5 pixels of the region border, and the region is not on the edge
    # consider the object to be clipped
    box = obj[2]
    region = obj[5]
    if (
        (region[0] > 5 and box[0] - region[0] <= 5)
        or (region[1] > 5 and box[1] - region[1] <= 5)
        or (frame_shape[1] - region[2] > 5 and region[2] - box[2] <= 5)
        or (frame_shape[0] - region[3] > 5 and region[3] - box[3] <= 5)
    ):
        return True
    else:
        return False


def restart_frigate():
    proc = psutil.Process(1)
    # if this is running via s6, sigterm pid 1
    if proc.name() == "s6-svscan":
        proc.terminate()
    # otherwise, just try and exit frigate
    else:
        os.kill(os.getpid(), signal.SIGTERM)


class EventsPerSecond:
    def __init__(self, max_events=1000):
        self._start = None
        self._max_events = max_events
        self._timestamps = []

    def start(self):
        self._start = datetime.datetime.now().timestamp()

    def update(self):
        if self._start is None:
            self.start()
        self._timestamps.append(datetime.datetime.now().timestamp())
        # truncate the list when it goes 100 over the max_size
        if len(self._timestamps) > self._max_events + 100:
            self._timestamps = self._timestamps[(1 - self._max_events) :]

    def eps(self, last_n_seconds=10):
        if self._start is None:
            self.start()
        # compute the (approximate) events in the last n seconds
        now = datetime.datetime.now().timestamp()
        seconds = min(now - self._start, last_n_seconds)
        # avoid divide by zero
        if seconds == 0:
            seconds = 1
        return (
            len([t for t in self._timestamps if t > (now - last_n_seconds)]) / seconds
        )


def print_stack(sig, frame):
    traceback.print_stack(frame)


def listen():
    signal.signal(signal.SIGUSR1, print_stack)


def create_mask(frame_shape, mask):
    mask_img = np.zeros(frame_shape, np.uint8)
    mask_img[:] = 255

    if isinstance(mask, list):
        for m in mask:
            add_mask(m, mask_img)

    elif isinstance(mask, str):
        add_mask(mask, mask_img)

    return mask_img


def add_mask(mask, mask_img):
    points = mask.split(",")
    contour = np.array(
        [[int(points[i]), int(points[i + 1])] for i in range(0, len(points), 2)]
    )
    cv2.fillPoly(mask_img, pts=[contour], color=(0))


def load_labels(path, encoding="utf-8"):
    """Loads labels from file (with or without index numbers).
    Args:
      path: path to label file.
      encoding: label file encoding.
    Returns:
      Dictionary mapping indices to labels.
    """
    with open(path, "r", encoding=encoding) as f:
        labels = {index: "unknown" for index in range(91)}
        lines = f.readlines()
        if not lines:
            return {}

        if lines[0].split(" ", maxsplit=1)[0].isdigit():
            pairs = [line.split(" ", maxsplit=1) for line in lines]
            labels.update({int(index): label.strip() for index, label in pairs})
        else:
            labels.update({index: line.strip() for index, line in enumerate(lines)})
        return labels


def clean_camera_user_pass(line: str) -> str:
    """Removes user and password from line."""
    if "rtsp://" in line:
        return re.sub(REGEX_RTSP_CAMERA_USER_PASS, "://*:*@", line)
    else:
        return re.sub(REGEX_HTTP_CAMERA_USER_PASS, "user=*&password=*", line)


def escape_special_characters(path: str) -> str:
    """Cleans reserved characters to encodings for ffmpeg."""
    try:
        found = re.search(REGEX_RTSP_CAMERA_USER_PASS, path).group(0)[3:-1]
        pw = found[(found.index(":") + 1) :]
        return path.replace(pw, urllib.parse.quote_plus(pw))
    except AttributeError:
        # path does not have user:pass
        return path


def get_cgroups_version() -> str:
    """Determine what version of cgroups is enabled."""

    cgroup_path = "/sys/fs/cgroup"

    if not os.path.ismount(cgroup_path):
        logger.debug(f"{cgroup_path} is not a mount point.")
        return "unknown"

    try:
        with open("/proc/mounts", "r") as f:
            mounts = f.readlines()

        for mount in mounts:
            mount_info = mount.split()
            if mount_info[1] == cgroup_path:
                fs_type = mount_info[2]
                if fs_type == "cgroup2fs" or fs_type == "cgroup2":
                    return "cgroup2"
                elif fs_type == "tmpfs":
                    return "cgroup"
                else:
                    logger.debug(
                        f"Could not determine cgroups version: unhandled filesystem {fs_type}"
                    )
                break
    except Exception as e:
        logger.debug(f"Could not determine cgroups version: {e}")

    return "unknown"


def get_docker_memlimit_bytes() -> int:
    """Get mem limit in bytes set in docker if present. Returns -1 if no limit detected."""

    # check running a supported cgroups version
    if get_cgroups_version() == "cgroup2":
        memlimit_path = "/sys/fs/cgroup/memory.max"

        try:
            with open(memlimit_path, "r") as f:
                value = f.read().strip()

            if value.isnumeric():
                return int(value)
            elif value.lower() == "max":
                return -1
        except Exception as e:
            logger.debug(f"Unable to get docker memlimit: {e}")

    return -1


def get_cpu_stats() -> dict[str, dict]:
    """Get cpu usages for each process id"""
    usages = {}
    docker_memlimit = get_docker_memlimit_bytes() / 1024
    total_mem = os.sysconf("SC_PAGE_SIZE") * os.sysconf("SC_PHYS_PAGES") / 1024

    for process in psutil.process_iter(["pid", "name", "cpu_percent", "cmdline"]):
        pid = process.info["pid"]
        try:
            cpu_percent = process.info["cpu_percent"]
            cmdline = process.info["cmdline"]

            with open(f"/proc/{pid}/stat", "r") as f:
                stats = f.readline().split()
            utime = int(stats[13])
            stime = int(stats[14])
            starttime = int(stats[21])

            with open("/proc/uptime") as f:
                system_uptime_sec = int(float(f.read().split()[0]))

            clk_tck = os.sysconf(os.sysconf_names["SC_CLK_TCK"])

            process_utime_sec = utime // clk_tck
            process_stime_sec = stime // clk_tck
            process_starttime_sec = starttime // clk_tck

            process_elapsed_sec = system_uptime_sec - process_starttime_sec
            process_usage_sec = process_utime_sec + process_stime_sec
            cpu_average_usage = process_usage_sec * 100 // process_elapsed_sec

            with open(f"/proc/{pid}/statm", "r") as f:
                mem_stats = f.readline().split()
            mem_res = int(mem_stats[1]) * os.sysconf("SC_PAGE_SIZE") / 1024

            if docker_memlimit > 0:
                mem_pct = round((mem_res / docker_memlimit) * 100, 1)
            else:
                mem_pct = round((mem_res / total_mem) * 100, 1)

            usages[pid] = {
                "cpu": str(cpu_percent),
                "cpu_average": str(round(cpu_average_usage, 2)),
                "mem": f"{mem_pct}",
                "cmdline": " ".join(cmdline),
            }
        except:
            continue

    return usages


def get_bandwidth_stats() -> dict[str, dict]:
    """Get bandwidth usages for each ffmpeg process id"""
    usages = {}
    top_command = ["nethogs", "-t", "-v0", "-c5", "-d1"]

    p = sp.run(
        top_command,
        encoding="ascii",
        capture_output=True,
    )

    if p.returncode != 0:
        return usages
    else:
        lines = p.stdout.split("\n")
        for line in lines:
            stats = list(filter(lambda a: a != "", line.strip().split("\t")))
            try:
                if re.search(
                    "(^ffmpeg|\/go2rtc|frigate\.detector\.[a-z]+)/([0-9]+)/", stats[0]
                ):
                    process = stats[0].split("/")
                    usages[process[len(process) - 2]] = {
                        "bandwidth": round(float(stats[1]) + float(stats[2]), 1),
                    }
            except:
                continue

    return usages


def get_amd_gpu_stats() -> dict[str, str]:
    """Get stats using radeontop."""
    radeontop_command = ["radeontop", "-d", "-", "-l", "1"]

    p = sp.run(
        radeontop_command,
        encoding="ascii",
        capture_output=True,
    )

    if p.returncode != 0:
        logger.error(f"Unable to poll radeon GPU stats: {p.stderr}")
        return None
    else:
        usages = p.stdout.split(",")
        results: dict[str, str] = {}

        for hw in usages:
            if "gpu" in hw:
                results["gpu"] = f"{hw.strip().split(' ')[1].replace('%', '')}%"
            elif "vram" in hw:
                results["mem"] = f"{hw.strip().split(' ')[1].replace('%', '')}%"

        return results


def get_intel_gpu_stats() -> dict[str, str]:
    """Get stats using intel_gpu_top."""
    intel_gpu_top_command = [
        "timeout",
        "0.5s",
        "intel_gpu_top",
        "-J",
        "-o",
        "-",
        "-s",
        "1",
    ]

    p = sp.run(
        intel_gpu_top_command,
        encoding="ascii",
        capture_output=True,
    )

    # timeout has a non-zero returncode when timeout is reached
    if p.returncode != 124:
        logger.error(f"Unable to poll intel GPU stats: {p.stderr}")
        return None
    else:
        reading = "".join(p.stdout.split())
        results: dict[str, str] = {}

        # render is used for qsv
        render = []
        for result in re.findall('"Render/3D/0":{[a-z":\d.,%]+}', reading):
            packet = json.loads(result[14:])
            single = packet.get("busy", 0.0)
            render.append(float(single))

        if render:
            render_avg = sum(render) / len(render)
        else:
            render_avg = 1

        # video is used for vaapi
        video = []
        for result in re.findall('"Video/\d":{[a-z":\d.,%]+}', reading):
            packet = json.loads(result[10:])
            single = packet.get("busy", 0.0)
            video.append(float(single))

        if video:
            video_avg = sum(video) / len(video)
        else:
            video_avg = 1

        results["gpu"] = f"{round((video_avg + render_avg) / 2, 2)}%"
        results["mem"] = "-%"
        return results


def try_get_info(f, h, default="N/A"):
    try:
        v = f(h)
    except nvml.NVMLError_NotSupported:
        v = default
    return v


def get_nvidia_gpu_stats() -> dict[int, dict]:
    results = {}
    try:
        nvml.nvmlInit()
        deviceCount = nvml.nvmlDeviceGetCount()
        for i in range(deviceCount):
            handle = nvml.nvmlDeviceGetHandleByIndex(i)
            meminfo = try_get_info(nvml.nvmlDeviceGetMemoryInfo, handle)
            util = try_get_info(nvml.nvmlDeviceGetUtilizationRates, handle)
            if util != "N/A":
                gpu_util = util.gpu
            else:
                gpu_util = 0

            if meminfo != "N/A":
                gpu_mem_util = meminfo.used / meminfo.total * 100
            else:
                gpu_mem_util = -1

            results[i] = {
                "name": nvml.nvmlDeviceGetName(handle),
                "gpu": gpu_util,
                "mem": gpu_mem_util,
            }
    except:
        return results

    return results


def ffprobe_stream(path: str) -> sp.CompletedProcess:
    """Run ffprobe on stream."""
    clean_path = escape_special_characters(path)
    ffprobe_cmd = [
        "ffprobe",
        "-timeout",
        "1000000",
        "-print_format",
        "json",
        "-show_entries",
        "stream=codec_long_name,width,height,bit_rate,duration,display_aspect_ratio,avg_frame_rate",
        "-loglevel",
        "quiet",
        clean_path,
    ]
    return sp.run(ffprobe_cmd, capture_output=True)


def vainfo_hwaccel(device_name: Optional[str] = None) -> sp.CompletedProcess:
    """Run vainfo."""
    ffprobe_cmd = (
        ["vainfo"]
        if not device_name
        else ["vainfo", "--display", "drm", "--device", f"/dev/dri/{device_name}"]
    )
    return sp.run(ffprobe_cmd, capture_output=True)


def get_ffmpeg_arg_list(arg: Any) -> list:
    """Use arg if list or convert to list format."""
    return arg if isinstance(arg, list) else shlex.split(arg)


class FrameManager(ABC):
    @abstractmethod
    def create(self, name, size) -> AnyStr:
        pass

    @abstractmethod
    def get(self, name, timeout_ms=0):
        pass

    @abstractmethod
    def close(self, name):
        pass

    @abstractmethod
    def delete(self, name):
        pass


class DictFrameManager(FrameManager):
    def __init__(self):
        self.frames = {}

    def create(self, name, size) -> AnyStr:
        mem = bytearray(size)
        self.frames[name] = mem
        return mem

    def get(self, name, shape):
        mem = self.frames[name]
        return np.ndarray(shape, dtype=np.uint8, buffer=mem)

    def close(self, name):
        pass

    def delete(self, name):
        del self.frames[name]


class SharedMemoryFrameManager(FrameManager):
    def __init__(self):
        self.shm_store = {}

    def create(self, name, size) -> AnyStr:
        shm = shared_memory.SharedMemory(name=name, create=True, size=size)
        self.shm_store[name] = shm
        return shm.buf

    def get(self, name, shape):
        if name in self.shm_store:
            shm = self.shm_store[name]
        else:
            shm = shared_memory.SharedMemory(name=name)
            self.shm_store[name] = shm
        return np.ndarray(shape, dtype=np.uint8, buffer=shm.buf)

    def close(self, name):
        if name in self.shm_store:
            self.shm_store[name].close()
            del self.shm_store[name]

    def delete(self, name):
        if name in self.shm_store:
            self.shm_store[name].close()
            self.shm_store[name].unlink()
            del self.shm_store[name]


def get_tz_modifiers(tz_name: str) -> Tuple[str, str]:
    seconds_offset = (
        datetime.datetime.now(pytz.timezone(tz_name)).utcoffset().total_seconds()
    )
    hours_offset = int(seconds_offset / 60 / 60)
    minutes_offset = int(seconds_offset / 60 - hours_offset * 60)
    hour_modifier = f"{hours_offset} hour"
    minute_modifier = f"{minutes_offset} minute"
    return hour_modifier, minute_modifier


def to_relative_box(
    width: int, height: int, box: Tuple[int, int, int, int]
) -> Tuple[int, int, int, int]:
    return (
        box[0] / width,  # x
        box[1] / height,  # y
        (box[2] - box[0]) / width,  # w
        (box[3] - box[1]) / height,  # h
    )